Antimony: The Unsung Hero of Solar Energy and National Defense

As the global energy landscape evolves, one material has emerged as a cornerstone for both renewable energy and defense sectors: antimony. This versatile mineral is pivotal in solar technology, battery advancements, and military applications.

However, recent geopolitical tensions have highlighted vulnerabilities in its supply chain, emphasizing the need for nations to secure sustainable sources. Companies like Military Metals Corp are stepping up to bridge the gap, ensuring antimony’s availability in an increasingly resource-scarce world.

Renewable Energy’s Secret Weapon

The transition to renewable energy relies heavily on advanced materials, and antimony is no exception. In solar panels, this mineral enhances the efficiency of perovskite solar cells by improving light absorption and charge transport. This results in higher energy conversion rates, making solar panels more effective at capturing sunlight.

Additionally, antimony compounds increase thermal stability, allowing panels to endure extreme conditions without frequent replacements.

Energy storage is another area where antimony shines. Liquid-metal batteries, a promising solution for storing solar energy, depend on antimony’s unique properties. These batteries enable efficient capture and distribution of excess solar power, addressing the intermittency challenges of renewable energy sources.

With solar installations projected to grow exponentially, antimony’s role in making this energy transition feasible cannot be overstated. The EIA projects solar capacity to reach over 300 GW by 2030 and around 700 GW by 2050.

US solar capacity projections

The Silent Shield: Antimony’s Role in Defense Systems

Beyond renewable energy, antimony is indispensable to national security. The Department of Defense (DoD) uses this critical mineral in 200+ types of munitions, including percussion primers, stab detonators, and armor-piercing rounds.

Moreover, antimony alloys enhance the durability and reliability of lead-acid batteries used in military vehicles and equipment.

Antimony’s role in flame retardants further underscores its importance in defense. Military uniforms, equipment, and vehicles rely on antimony-based compounds for fire resistance, ensuring the safety of personnel in combat scenarios. Furthermore, antimony-containing semiconductors are critical for infrared sensors and night-vision devices, key technologies for modern warfare.

Breaking China’s Grip: Global Efforts to Secure Antimony Supplies

China controls nearly 50% of global antimony mining and 80% of processing, creating a bottleneck in the supply chain. Recent export restrictions by China, citing dual-use applications of the mineral for both civilian and military purposes, have exacerbated this dependence.

These restrictions pose significant challenges for countries like the United States, which relies on imports for over 80% of its antimony consumption.

China’s export controls also affect antimony’s availability for renewable energy technologies. The U.S. solar industry, a critical player in the clean energy transition, faces potential disruptions due to limited access to the material for solar panel production.

As trade tensions escalate, securing alternative sources becomes a strategic imperative. Antimony is one of the critical minerals that China restricted export more recently in October this year.

RELATED: US-China Trade War: Can the US Beat China’s Critical Minerals Grip?

Diversifying Antimony: The Key to Supply Chain Resilience

Countries worldwide are taking steps to reduce reliance on Chinese antimony.

Over two years, global antimony drilling activity totaled 625 holes, with 88 yielding significant intervals. Australia dominated with 444 holes, including 65 significant finds, reflecting its active exploration sector. The USA followed with 44 holes and 10 significant intervals.

Other contributions came from Canada, New Zealand, and Namibia. Emerging interest in regions like Bosnia, Indonesia, and Slovakia highlights a global push to secure antimony resources, driven by rising demand in energy and defense sectors.

This data underscores strategic exploration efforts amid tight global supply chains and geopolitical tensions impacting mineral accessibility.

In the U.S., the Department of Defense awarded $15.5 million to Perpetua Resources to explore antimony production from the Stibnite Gold Project in Idaho.

Similarly, Spearmint Resources in Canada has doubled its acreage at the George Lake South Antimony Project, recognizing the mineral’s strategic value.

Moreover, international collaboration is gaining momentum. Nations like Australia, Belgium, and India are investing in antimony processing facilities. Meanwhile, African countries such as Mozambique and Tanzania are emerging as alternative mining hubs. These efforts aim to create resilient supply chains that can withstand geopolitical shocks.

Antimony’s dual role in solar technology and defense highlights its unique importance. This underscores the need for a balanced approach to resource allocation, ensuring that both renewable energy goals and national security needs are met.

The escalating U.S.-China trade war further complicates this balance. Tariffs, export restrictions, and retaliatory measures threaten to disrupt global markets, making it imperative for industries to innovate and adapt.

Surging Prices and Market Outlook

The global antimony market is under intense pressure due to surging demand and constrained supply. In December 2024, antimony trioxide prices soared by almost 232% compared to last year, reaching $38,000 per metric ton. This is largely driven by China’s export restrictions and heightened geopolitical tensions.

The mineral’s critical role in defense, solar panels, and battery technologies has made it a highly sought-after resource.

Global demand for antimony is expected to rise sharply in the coming years, particularly as renewable energy and defense sectors expand. Analysts predict that its market value could grow significantly, driven by advancements in solar technology, energy storage, and defense applications.

Demand for this critical mineral is forecasted to reach $3.5 billion by 2030. However, the market remains vulnerable to supply chain disruptions, with China’s dominance continuing to exert influence on global prices.

Efforts to address these challenges include investments in alternative sources and recycling initiatives. Countries like the U.S. and Canada are accelerating domestic production, while companies like Military Metals Corp are spearheading exploration projects to tap into previously untapped reserves.

Military Metals Corp: Leading the Antimony Revolution

Military Metals Corp is an emerging key player in ensuring a stable antimony supply. The company’s strategic assets in Slovakia and Canada aim to reduce dependency on Chinese imports by revitalizing historical mining sites with untapped potential.

Trojarova, Slovakia: Military Metals has identified significant antimony-gold mineralization at this site, with historical estimates indicating high-grade deposits. By extending underground adits and exploring deeper veins, the company plans to unlock valuable resources for both defense and renewable energy applications.

West Gore, Nova Scotia: Once Canada’s largest antimony producer, this site holds immense potential for modern exploration. Historical data suggests significant quantities of this mineral and gold in waste dumps and tailings, providing a cost-effective avenue for resource extraction.

Military Metals’ commitment to sustainable practices and strategic exploration ensures a reliable supply of antimony, bolstering both energy independence and defense readiness.

What Comes Next for Antimony?

To meet antimony’s growing demand, a multi-faceted approach is essential:

Investment in Domestic Mining: Expanding mining operations in countries like the U.S. and Canada can reduce reliance on imports and strengthen supply chain resilience.
Technological Innovation: Developing alternative materials and recycling methods can alleviate pressure on antimony resources.
International Cooperation: Collaborative efforts among nations can diversify supply chains and ensure equitable access to critical minerals.

Antimony is more than just a mineral; it is a linchpin for renewable energy and national security. As the world navigates the complexities of the clean energy transition and geopolitical tensions, ensuring a stable supply of this critical resource is paramount. The time to act is now, and antimony’s story is one of resilience, innovation, and opportunity.