Fulcrum Metals and Terra Balcanica Forge Deal to Explore Uranium in Canada

UK-based Fulcrum Metals has acquired 100% interest in the Charlot-Neely Lake, South Pendleton, and Snowbird uranium projects in Saskatchewan, Canada, through its subsidiary, Fulcrum Metals (Canada) Ltd. Terra Balcanica Resources Corp a polymetallic exploration company, has signed a “definitive option agreement”, that allows a four-year option to acquire a 100% interest in Fulcrum’s uranium exploration licenses in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. These licenses cover 596.71 km² of promising uranium exploration ground. With uranium prices rising quickly, this deal is sure to make an impact.

Fulcrum Advances Acquisition and Sale of Major Uranium Projects

The company’s press release reveals that Fulcrum paid CA$ 5,000 upon receiving the option and an additional CA$ 60,000 when exercising it on June 28, 2024. These projects now belong to Fulcrum Metals (Canada) Ltd. This acquisition, covering 11,481 hectares, follows an agreement with Gary Clayton Dunn and Jonathan Stewart Dunn, the owners of The Dunn Option Uranium Projects of Saskatchewan.

This acquisition brings Fulcrum closer to finalizing the sale of its 59,000 hectares of uranium projects to Terra Balcanica Resources Corp. The projects include Charlot-Neely Lake, Fontaine Lake, Snowbird, and South Pendleton, all situated along the northern and southeastern edges of the Athabasca Basin. This Basin is a major source of about 20% of the world’s uranium and hosts significant deposits.

Terra has already paid Fulcrum C$25,000 in cash to secure the option. The company anticipates completing the agreement soon and will provide updates as developments occur.

MUST READ: Uranium Royalty Corp. Publishes First-Ever Sustainability Report

Terra Balcanica CEO, Dr. Aleksandar Mišković has given a long statement on this. He said,

“The agreement signed with Fulcrum marks an exciting new chapter in Terra’s corporate history as a high-quality target generator and explorer of critically needed commodities. The Company is now exposed to a world-class uranium district that is experiencing a mining renaissance as evidenced by the recent discovery made just 20 km from of our flagship Charlot-Neely license. With close to 600 km2 of land tenure, we are supremely positioned to take early-mover advantage of opportunities along the entire northern and eastern margins of the Athabasca Basin. The optioned portfolio comprises geologically promising ground that has not seen modern surveying nor recent drilling. We are excited to approach it by applying the same level of technical rigor as we did in the Balkans to define drill targets with a high probability of success.

Dr. Aleksandar further added that the licenses also feature gold, copper, nickel, and cobalt showings, anticipating an eventful autumn of prospecting, sampling, and structural mapping. Additionally, he plans to conduct airborne geophysics to rapidly define drill targets.

A MESSAGE FROM URANIUM ROYALY CORP.
[Disseminated on behalf of Uranium Royalty Corp.]

NASDAQ’s Sole Uranium Focused Royalty Company

The company is Uranium Royalty Corp., trading as (NASDAQ: UROY, TSX: URC), holding a strong portfolio includes strategic acquisitions in uranium interests with royalties, streams, equity in uranium companies, and physical uranium trading. Their strategic approach aims to support cleaner, carbon-free nuclear energy while fostering long-term relationships based on sustainability principles.

Learn about the company’s portfolio of royalty assets and uranium holdings >>

Athabasca Basin: The Hot Spot of the Uranium Project

Terra’s press release has emphasized this uranium project’s notable attributes and the sites’ substantial mining potential.

The optioned terrain lies near the northern and southeastern edges of the Athabasca Basin in northern Saskatchewan, a renowned mining area and top global source of high-grade uranium. It includes four license clusters targeting promising NE-SW structures and electromagnetic conductors.

Furthermore, these corridors are identified as likely zones for basement- and intrusive-hosted uranium mineralizations. The southeastern margins of the Athabasca Basin have world-class uranium deposits, such as NexGen Energy’s Arrow (4.3 Mt at 0.83% U3O8) and Fission Uranium’s Triple R (2.7 Mt at 1.94% U3O8).

Charlot-Neely Lake has significant REE potential. It lies within the emerging Uranium City district on the Basin’s northwestern margin. Past work shows evidence of uranium mineralization along favorable structural trends with promising target horizons identified by electromagnetic conductors.

The samples showed over 31% U3O8 and 16% REE. The company will target high-grade uranium sources along the most radioactive segments of the graphitic conductors, focusing on previously untested drill targets.

Similarly, Fontaine Lake and Snowbird showed 1% uranium in a minimal 2008 field program. Future exploration will involve modern systematic geological fieldwork to assess the uranium potential.

Additionally, South Pendleton shares the same basement lithologies as the prolific Key Lake and Rabbit Lake mines. Despite several surface radioactive anomalies and occurrences of uranium mineralization, this area remains unexplored.

source: Terra Balcanica

CHECK OUT: U.S. DOE Aims to Expand Domestic Uranium Supply with US$2.7B RFP 

Fulcrum Metals: Strategic Ventures in Canada’s Uranium-Rich Terrain

Fulcrum Metals, a multi-commodity explorer has built an impressive portfolio of gold, base metal, and uranium projects. Mostly they are strategically located near rich deposits and active mines with established infrastructure. And Canada is the key hub!

Some significant exploration projects include the Schreiber-Hemlo Project in Ontario, which consists of the Big Bear and Jackfish Lake gold assets, covering 113 km². This area is not fully explored yet. Thus, presenting Fulcrum’s complete exploration opportunity. Furthermore, through joint ventures or acquisitions, it plans to develop several early-stage projects in Ontario’s greenstone belts, including Winston Lake, Dog Lake, and Tocheri Lake.

FURTHER READING: Paladin Energy Offers C$1.14 B to Canada’s Fission Uranium. What does it mean for Uranium Mining?

However, the Saskatchewan project is the most promising one. This is because Saskatchewan is a top source of high-grade uranium. It’s getting exposure to the growing global investment in nuclear energy for decarbonizing power. Thus, we can conclude that the Fulcrum Metals and Terra Balcanica deal would give a new dimension to uranium mining in Canada.

SEE MORE: Unplugging The Energy Crisis… Fueled by Uranium

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Why Weak Lithium Prices Will Persist in Early Q3 2024

Asian lithium prices are expected to stay weak in the first half of Q3 2024 due to oversupply and new import tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles (EVs) by the US and the EU. Lithium prices in China are projected to range between Yuan 80,000-90,000/mt ($11,022-$12,799), while prices in North Asia are likely to remain soft due to a seasonal summer lull and ample supply. 

A potential turnaround may occur in the latter half of Q3, a peak season for lithium demand.

Oversupply and Seasonal Lull Pressure Lithium Prices

According to S&P Global data, Chinese lithium prices began Q2 at Yuan 100,000-114,000/mt but fell to a 3-year low of Yuan 80,000-90,000/mt in June due to weak downstream demand and increased production. 

Moreover, China’s EV sales in Q2 increased following government subsidies for replacing polluting vehicles. However, new US and EU tariffs on Chinese EVs may dampen future sales in these regions.

Despite better-than-expected EV sales in China in June, US tariffs on Chinese EVs will rise from 25% to 100% in August. Meanwhile, the EU has imposed provisional countervailing duties of up to 47.6% on Chinese EV imports.

The EU has raised concerns about the state support China provides for electric vehicles that are exported to the bloc. The region argues that this constitutes unfair subsidization, giving Chinese EV manufacturers an unfair competitive advantage. And thus, the imposition of higher import tariffs on Chinese EVs as the EU seeks to protect its domestic automotive industry.

Supply pressure intensified as more lithium projects became operational and salt lake production levels rose in China, resulting in a 30% increase in lithium salt output and significant increases in lithium carbonate and hydroxide imports. 

Platts assessed lithium carbonate at Yuan 85,500/mt and hydroxide at Yuan 79,000/mt on July 19, down over 20% from the start of Q2.

Upstream, spodumene prices began Q2 at $1,100/mt, peaking at $1,200/mt before falling below $1,000/mt by quarter’s end. The cost of producing spodumene exceeded the lithium carbonate price, resulting in negative margins and limited interest among lithium converters.

Spodumene prices need to fall below $800/mt for favorable margins in Q3. Platts last assessed spodumene at $920/mt FOB Australia on July 19, down 20% since the start of Q2.

INTERESTING READ: The Ultimate Guide to Lithium and Lithium Prices

How Do Lithium Miners Respond?

With lithium prices at three-year lows and no signs of recovery, the focus is shifting to whether miners will cut back on the battery metal’s supply. 

Benchmark Mineral Intelligence predicts a 32% supply growth in 2025, surpassing the expected 23% demand increase, with the surplus peaking in 2027 before a deficit returns later in the decade.

While some smaller producers have already reduced output, the larger firms may soon consider shutting mines and delaying projects in regions like Australia and Chile.

Some smaller players have already responded to the price slump. Australia’s Core Lithium halted operations at its Finniss project. 

Core Lithium, which opened its mine near Darwin in October 2022, experienced rapid growth but was hit hard by the subsequent market downturn. CEO Paul Brown noted the severe commodity cycle’s impact, with the company halting production six months later and laying off over 300 employees. 

Core Lithium is now in “care and maintenance” mode, awaiting a market recovery with a $15 million stockpile of processed lithium products yet to be sold and a cash balance of $87 million.

Similarly, Zhicun Lithium Group in China is putting two carbonate units into maintenance.

Lithium Company Spotlight: The Fastest Developing North American Lithium Junior

According to S&P Global Commodity Insights report, sustained low prices could trigger further mine supply cuts and project delays. Recent data from Platts shows spodumene prices nearing levels that previously led to production cuts.

Chinese lithium giants Ganfeng and Tianqi reported preliminary net losses in the first half. On the other hand, Pilbara Minerals plans to expand output after reporting it has “achieved or exceeded” its full-year guidance across production volume, unit operating cost, and capital expenditure. The Australian miner recorded record production in the June quarter.

The Perth-based group produced 725,000 tonnes, surpassing Pilbara’s FY24 guidance range of 660,000 to 690,000 tonnes. This production level reflects a 17% increase compared to the previous year.

When is The Turning Point?

Despite minimal profit margins, some producers maintain output to keep skilled workforces, avoid restarting costs, and preserve buyer relationships. Other lithium miners face growing pressure to reduce production. 

Linda Zhang of CRU Group noted diminished profit margins in Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Australia. Curtailments and project deferments are expected to peak next year, potentially tightening the market balance in the medium term, according to Zhang.

With hopes fading for a significant demand rebound this year, BloombergNEF recently lowered its EV sales estimates, indicating the auto industry is falling behind in decarbonization efforts.

With supply still exceeding demand and slow EV sales growth, analysts do not foresee a near-term price recovery. They predict that while EV adoption will eventually increase lithium demand, yet the record prices of 2022 are unlikely to return. The industry must now adapt to a more sustainable operating environment, favoring low-cost producers.

READ MORE: Lithium Markets in Limbo: Next Leg Up or Down?

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Tesla’s Profit Sees a 5-Year Low But Carbon Credit Sales Hit Record High

Tesla reported its lowest profit margin in over five years and missed Wall Street earnings targets in Q2, as the company cut prices to boost demand while increasing spending on AI projects. However, Tesla’s carbon credit (regulatory credits) revenue is at an all-time high, hitting $890 million. 

Tesla Profit Struggles Amid Carbon Credit Sales Surge

Tesla reported a 45% drop in profit for Q2, earning $1.5 billion on $25.5 billion in revenue, compared to $2.7 billion on $24.9 billion in the same period last year. Thus, the operating profit margin fell to 6.3% from 9.6%.

This decline in profit increases pressure on CEO Elon Musk to find new growth avenues. Despite this, Tesla shares have surged 40% since May, driven by investor optimism that Musk will transform Tesla into an AI company offering driverless taxis and robots.

Tesla’s Q2 electric car sales fell 4.8% to 444,000 vehicles, with production down 14% to about 411,000 cars. This setback follows a 55% drop in profit and a 9% revenue decline in Q1 2024.

Tesla faces increasing competition as other manufacturers ramp up electric vehicle production. For the first time, Tesla’s share of U.S. electric vehicle sales fell below 50% in Q2, according to Cox Automotive.

Amid all these lackluster results, the EV giant has seen a record-high sale of carbon credits at $890 million, the highest since the company started selling these regulatory credits in 2017. This revenue stream is up 216% from $282 million a year earlier and a 102% increase from Q1 ($442m). 

Competition Hits Tesla Hard: Carbon Credits to the Rescue

Most notably, the $890 million carbon credit revenue is almost 60% of Tesla’s Q2 net income of $1,494 million. Thus, carbon credit sales bolstered the company’s bottom line.

This additional revenue stream is essentially pure profit, as companies can bank credits exceeding their immediate needs. For an EV-only company like Tesla, which has no combustion business to offset, the constant flow of these credits has been a financial “gusher,” comparable to a highly profitable oil strike in the fossil fuel industry.

Tesla continues to profit from selling carbon credits to competitors who need to comply with emissions standards. This business model is highly lucrative for Tesla, as earning these credits incurs minimal costs, translating to pure profit. This revenue stream has been crucial for Tesla’s financial success.

The EV maker aims to produce new, more affordable EVs by early 2025, though cost reductions will be less than expected. The company laid off over 10% of its workforce to reduce costs, and profits were impacted by restructuring charges and higher operating expenses driven by AI projects. Automotive gross margin, excluding regulatory credits, was 14.6%, below the estimated 16.29%. 

As a result of a series of price cuts, profit per vehicle plummeted.

Chart from Reuters

Elon Musk acknowledged that the influx of more affordable electric cars from other manufacturers “has made it more difficult for Tesla” to sell vehicles. From April through June, Tesla’s share of U.S. electric vehicle sales dropped to 49.7%, down from 59.3% a year earlier, according to Cox Automotive.

Ford Motor sold nearly 24,000 EVs in Q2, a 61% increase from a year ago, while General Motors’ sales of battery-powered models rose 40% to nearly 22,000 vehicles. Investment analyst Dan Coatsworth noted that Tesla has missed earnings targets for four consecutive quarters. 

Another Growing Business For Tesla

CEO Elon Musk highlighted that new competitors have significantly discounted their EVs, challenging Tesla. The company’s EV deliveries have declined for two quarters, facing rising competition and slow demand due to a lack of affordable new models. Sales of China-made EVs, which are also exported, fell in Q2 compared to strong growth from Chinese automakers like BYD Co.

Despite these challenges, Tesla expects a production increase in Q3. Amid declining profits, the company has seen significant growth in its rapidly growing energy storage business. 

In Q1 2024, energy storage deployments reached a record 4.1 GWh, with revenue and gross profit from the Energy Generation and Storage segment hitting all-time highs.

In Q2 2024, Tesla Energy deployed 9.4 GWh of energy storage products, including Megapacks, Powerwalls, and solar products. This marks a 132% increase from Q1 2024 and a 157% year-over-year rise.

The growing number of Megapack installations and an expanding fleet are expected to drive consistent profit growth in this segment. Battery system sales, primarily for electricity grids, doubled to $3 billion in Q2.

READ MORE: Tesla Signs A Landmark Multi-Billion Dollar 15 GWh Megapack Deal

Tesla’s Q2 financials reflect a significant drop in profit and production amid intensified competition and rising operating costs. However, record-high carbon credit sales provided a crucial boost to the bottom line, demonstrating the importance of this revenue stream. As Tesla navigates these challenges, its investments in AI and energy storage hint at new growth avenues beyond electric vehicles.

The post Tesla’s Profit Sees a 5-Year Low But Carbon Credit Sales Hit Record High appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Google’s Soaring Revenue of $85 Billion Shadowed by Rising Carbon Footprint

Alphabet, Google’s parent company, reported a 14% year-over-year revenue increase, driven by search and cloud services, with cloud revenues surpassing $10 billion and achieving $1 billion in operating profit for the first time. Financial gains are increasing but so is Google’s carbon footprint.

Financial Highs, Environmental Lows

As a digital age conglomerate, Alphabet’s portfolio includes Google, YouTube TV, Google Workspace, and the AI chatbot Gemini, rival to ChatGPT. Advertising remains the core of its business, accounting for about 75% of its Q2 revenues, including $49 billion from search and $9 billion from YouTube ads.

Amid the AI boom, Alphabet’s stock has surged, returning about 50% over the past year and more than 100% since its late 2022 low. With a market value of nearly $2.3 trillion, Alphabet is the fourth-most-valuable company globally, following Apple, Microsoft, and Nvidia.

Chart from Forbes

Ad revenue rose to $64.62 billion from $58.14 billion, indicating continued growth despite slower expansion due to rising inflation and interest rates affecting marketing budgets. YouTube ad revenue grew to $8.66 billion, up from $7.66 billion, despite missing estimates and facing competition from platforms like TikTok.

Alphabet’s net income increased to $23.6 billion, or $1.89 per share, compared to $18.4 billion, or $1.44 per share, the previous year. CEO Sundar Pichai highlighted strong performance in Search and Cloud, emphasizing the company’s AI innovation and infrastructure leadership.

Amid this promising financial results, Google is experiencing a setback in its environmental impact as it strives to achieve its 2030 net zero target.

Google’s Way to Net Zero Carbon

Google is committed to accelerating the transition to a net zero future and has taken significant steps over the past two decades to minimize GHG emissions. In 2021, the company set an ambitious goal to achieve net zero emissions across all operations and its value chain by 2030. This goal is being pursued through two key strategies:

Reducing Emissions: Google focuses on reducing emissions across its operations and value chain, including advancing 24/7 carbon-free energy (CFE).
Addressing Residual Emissions: After reducing emissions, the company addresses any residual emissions with carbon removal initiatives.

The tech company’s net zero goal is designed not just for the company but also to help accelerate global decarbonization. To ensure maximum impact, the company regularly evaluates its plan to ensure it is rigorous, science-based, and realistic in light of evolving challenges and standards.

The company is also engaged in advocacy efforts, exploring data center innovations, accelerating global grid decarbonization, and advocating for GHG Protocol reform to drive systemic change. 

2023 Carbon Footprint Rises

Target: Reduce 50% of our combined Scope 1, 2 (market-based), and 3 absolute GHG emissions by 2030, 102 and invest in nature-based and technology-based carbon removal solutions to neutralize our remaining emissions

Charts from Google’s 2024 Environmental Report

In 2023, Google’s total GHG emissions were 14.3 million tCO2e, representing a 13% year-over-year increase and a 48% increase compared to the 2019 target base year. 

This increase was primarily due to higher data center energy consumption and supply chain emissions. As Google further integrates AI into its products, reducing emissions may become more challenging due to the increased energy demands from the greater intensity of AI computing and the emissions associated with the expected growth in technical infrastructure investment.

Google Carbon Lens’ Focus: Carbon Removal Credits 

Google halted buying cheap carbon offsets that backed its carbon neutrality claim. As mentioned earlier, the tech giant is now focusing on investing in and advancing carbon removal solutions. 

To advance carbon removal technologies, Google addresses key challenges facing these solutions. The company committed $200 million to Frontier, an initiative designed to accelerate carbon removal technologies by ensuring future demand. It partners with Charm Industrial, CarbonCapture, and Lithos Carbon.

Moreover, in March 2024, Google announced it would match the U.S. Department of Energy’s Carbon Dioxide Removal Purchase program dollar for dollar, committing to purchase at least $35 million in carbon removal credits over the next year.

READ MORE: Google, Meta, Microsoft, and Salesforce Launch “Symbiosis”, Pledging for 20M Tons of Nature-Based CDR Credits

Carbon-Free Energy Every Hour, Every Day

One big source of its carbon emissions which Google has direct control over is Scope 2. The tech firm’s primary approach to reducing Scope 2 emissions is through the procurement of carbon-free energy. 

In 2020, Google set a goal to operate on 24/7 carbon-free energy (CFE)—every hour of every day on every grid where it operates—by 2030. This goal is being pursued through three main initiatives: purchasing carbon-free energy, accelerating new and improved technologies, and transforming the energy system through policy, partnerships, and advocacy.

The company buys electricity directly from new clean energy projects through various methods depending on the market, including:

Contracting directly via long-term power purchase agreements (PPAs).
Working with utilities or developers to buy and deliver carbon-free energy.
Structuring energy supply contracts with energy providers through the CFE Manager model.
Making targeted investments in renewable energy to enable additional projects on the grids where it operates.

From 2010 to 2023, Google signed more than 115 agreements to purchase over 14 GW of clean energy generation capacity—the equivalent of more than 36 million solar panels. Through these agreements, Google estimates it will spend more than $16 billion to purchase clean energy through 2040.

In 2023, Google signed contracts to purchase approximately 4 GW of clean energy generation capacity—more than in any prior year. These contracts included clean energy deals in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. 

RELATED NEWS: Google and NV Energy: Powering Nevada’s Future with 115 MW of Geothermal Energy

In early 2024, Google announced new PPAs—including its largest offshore wind projects to date—that will bring 700 MW of clean energy generation capacity to European grids.

Google’s commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2030 involves a comprehensive strategy of reducing emissions, investing in carbon removal, and pursuing 24/7 carbon-free energy. Despite challenges like increased energy demands from AI, Google’s innovative approaches and significant investments are driving progress towards a greener digital future.

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The Ultimate Guide to Nickel

With the global energy transition looming large, many have been setting their sights on materials critical to the energy transition, such as copper, lithium, or uranium.

Nickel is yet another mineral on that list, albeit one that seems to have largely flown under most investors’ radars thus far.

It’s understandable why that’s been the case – after all, the primary use for mined nickel has long been industrial, with over three-quarters of global nickel demand being for things like alloy production or electroplating.

However, there’s one avenue of “green” demand for nickel that’s been slowly yet steadily driving up consumption – and that’s electric vehicle (EV) batteries.

Last year, the average battery EV sold contained 25.3 kilograms of nickel – and that number has been going up year over year

Nickel is one of the key components of the lithium-ion batteries that power EVs worldwide, thanks to its unique physical and chemical properties.

In order to be used in an electric vehicle, nickel must first be refined to extremely high purities, creating what’s known as “battery grade” nickel. Following this, it then needs to be dissolved in sulphuric acid to create nickel sulphate, which can then be used to produce battery cathodes.

Nickel’s high energy density, which allows it to hold more charge for less weight, makes high-nickel battery chemistries more desirable in EV batteries. While the first iterations of the lithium-ion battery used equal proportions of nickel with manganese and cobalt, modern ones use as much nickel as manganese and cobalt combined.

And as technology continues to progress, it’s expected that the ratio will rise to as much as 80% nickel, or even more.

That’s why nickel is now on the critical minerals list of several countries including the US, the EU, and Japan.

RELATED: Top 3 Nickel Stocks for 2024

The Lights Are Green for Nickel.

EV manufacturers are adding more and more nickel to their batteries each year in order to increase the efficiency and range of their vehicles.

EVs sold in 2023 contained 8% more nickel, on average, than those sold a year previous

Combine that with the fact that EV sales are expected to continue growing at a breakneck pace, and what you end up with is very healthy outlook for long-term nickel demand.

Below you can see two charts created by the International Energy Agency. The one on the left forecasts nickel demand growth out to 2050 based on currently existing climate pledges, while the one on the right shows the same but in a more aggressive net zero scenario:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

You can see that, regardless of which scenario we consider, nickel demand is expected to more than double over the next decade – the only question is how fast we get there.

Even in the conservative case where no more climate pledges are made in the coming years, as in the chart on the left, EV and cleantech demand for nickel is still expected to massively drive nickel’s demand growth.

Last year, total nickel demand amounted to 3.1 million tonnes, of which 478,000 came from EVs and cleantech. This latter portion is expected to grow to 2 million tonnes of nickel demand by 2030 and 3.4 million tonnes by 2040 in the base case – and it could easily be more, if governments around the world pursue additional climate targets

While all scenarios do see nickel consumption plateauing and falling off slightly towards the tail end of 2050 due to forecast lower demand for nickel-rich battery chemistries, there’s still a 9x increase in nickel demand for EV batteries and other cleantech even in the conservative case.

Simply put, the future for nickel looks tremendous.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

However, the recent price performance of nickel seems to tell a different story:

And that’s because of the other half of the picture: nickel supply.

But There’s a Supply Jam . . .

Despite how strong the demand outlook for nickel looks, there’s no escaping the fact that right now, supply far outstrips demand.

And there’s exactly one factor we can point to for this: Indonesia.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In the past ten years, Indonesia has accelerated the pace of nickel mine development domestically, thanks to heavy Chinese investment.

In 2014, Indonesia produced just 7% of the world’s nickel, with just two nickel smelters. 10 years later in 2023, Indonesia now accounts for just over 50% of global production, with 43 operational smelters and another 52 on the way

Indonesia received $7.3 billion in foreign investment from China’s Belt and Road Initiative in 2023, the largest of any participating country. 90% of the nickel smelters in Indonesia were built by Chinese companies, and most of the mines are Chinese owned as well.

Thanks to the extensive Chinese involvement, the lower labor costs and environmental standards for nickel mines in Indonesia have also led to lower production costs. Nickel from Indonesian mines is cheaper to produce than it is on other countries like Australia or Canada.

This breakneck growth of Indonesian production, during a weak price environment where other producers have scaled back, has contributed to Indonesia’s rise to prominence as the top global nickel producer.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

It’s expected that the nickel market will see a surplus of 36,000 tonnes this year, according to a recent report from Macquarie. And it’s unlikely that the nickel market will balance out until after 2025.

Further Down the Road, the Outlook Looks Rosy

Despite how the supply and demand balance looks right now, however, it’s not expected to stay that way as we near the end of the decade.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As the chart above shows, based on current announced mine supply, the nickel market is expected to enter a supply deficit shortly after 2025 – and this shortfall is expected to widen considerably in the decade following, even in the conservative scenario (the solid line).

In other words, even though the current low nickel price environment is discouraging investment, it’ll also create more opportunities down the road thanks to the eventual supply-demand gap that will widen due to the current lack of interest in nickel mining.

Furthermore, as you might recall, in order to be used in EV batteries nickel needs to be further processed into nickel sulphate, which is something not all raw nickel refineries are built to do.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The supply shortfall for nickel sulphate is expected to see an even wider gap than for mined nickel. That said, processing facilities for nickel sulphate can be built on the order of 18-24 months – much quicker than a mine, which is often a years-long process that can get bogged down in studies and permitting.

Even so, the sheer amount of additional nickel sulphate supply required represents yet another opportunity in the nickel markets.

In the near term, it’s likely that nickel prices will continue to stay weak as supply continues to outpace demand. As we near the end of the decade and the push towards net zero continues to accelerate, however, the projected supply-demand gap might just leave the nickel market in significantly different shape than how it looks now.

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EPA Unveils $4.3 Billion In Grants to Reduce Almost 1 Billion MT of Carbon

As part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s Investing in America agenda, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced the recipients of over $4.3 billion in Climate Pollution Reduction Grants. This funding is aimed at supporting community-driven projects that address climate change, reduce air pollution, advance environmental justice, and accelerate the transition to clean energy. 

The selected projects will be implemented across 30 states, including one Tribe, and target greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in six key sectors: 

transportation, 
electric power, 
buildings, 
industry,
agriculture/working lands, and 
waste management.

The CPRG program represents a historic opportunity for states to implement transformative programs to reduce pollution and accelerate clean energy initiatives. States from Michigan to New Jersey and Montana to Minnesota will receive essential funding to execute their innovative climate policies and drive substantial changes in their state climate strategies.

Boosting Local Climate Action

The grants will support the deployment of technologies and programs to lower GHG emissions and other pollutants, while also developing infrastructure, housing, and industries essential for a clean energy future. The combined efforts of the selected projects are projected to achieve significant cumulative GHG reductions by 2030 and beyond. 

RELATED NEWS: US EPA to Invest $20B in Climate and Clean Energy Projects for Underserved Communities

Estimates suggest that these projects could cut as much as 971 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2050. This is roughly equivalent to the annual emissions from 5 million average homes over more than 25 years.

White House National Climate Advisor Ali Zaidi remarked on the program announcement, saying that:

“As part of President Biden’s historic climate laws, today’s funding announcement for locally led projects will support community priorities… These awards will supercharge American climate progress across sectors – from reaching 100% clean electricity to slashing super-pollutants like methane to harnessing the power of nature across our farms and forests in the fight against climate change. This is a big deal.”

The EPA’s selection process for the Climate Pollution Reduction Grants was competitive and rigorous. Nearly 300 applications were reviewed, requesting nearly $33 billion in funding.

The 25 chosen applications, from a mix of states, local governments, and coalitions, will implement local and regional solutions to the climate crisis. Many of these projects are scalable and could serve as models for other states and entities working to address climate change.

Who Are The Award Recipients?

The 25 grant awardees include 13 state or state coalition projects, 11 municipal or municipal coalition projects, and one project for Tribes. This diverse selection reflects a broad commitment to tackling climate challenges at various levels of government and community.

Image from EPA website

Below is the complete list of the grant winners, with their project names, locations, amount of GHG reductions, and expected amounts. 

For the complete information about the CPRG program recipients, go here.

In addition to the current funding, the EPA plans to announce up to $300 million more for Tribes, Tribal consortia, and territories later this summer. EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan will announce the selections in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with Governor Josh Shapiro. 

Pennsylvania’s Department of Environmental Protection will receive over $396 million for the RISE PA project, aimed at reducing industrial GHG emissions through grants and incentives for various decarbonization projects. The South Coast Air Quality Management District will get nearly $500 million for transportation and freight decarbonization, including funding for electric charging equipment and zero-emission freight vehicles.

State, Tribal, and local actions are crucial for achieving President Biden’s goal of reducing climate pollution by over 50% by 2030 and reaching net zero emissions by 2050. The innovative projects selected through the CPRG program could deliver significant public health benefits, too. 

What Comes Next?

The grants also support the President’s Justice40 Initiative, which aims to direct 40% of the benefits from certain climate and clean energy investments to disadvantaged communities facing the greatest pollution and underinvestment. EPA plans to distribute the funds later this year, pending completion of all legal and administrative requirements.

States should align their programs with broader climate goals and federal standards, such as air quality and emissions targets. Well-designed programs can deliver additional benefits like workforce development, lower consumer bills, and improved housing and transit.

Effective program development requires active stakeholder involvement and coordination at municipal, regional, and national levels to maximize benefits and meet pollution reduction targets.

The EPA’s $4.3 billion in Climate Pollution Reduction Grants marks a transformative step in U.S. climate action, funding diverse projects across the nation to significantly cut greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate the clean energy transition. These investments promise to deliver substantial environmental and public health benefits, advancing President Biden’s climate goals.

The post EPA Unveils $4.3 Billion In Grants to Reduce Almost 1 Billion MT of Carbon appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Top Achievements in Joe Biden’s Climate Agenda for America

President Joe Biden’s decision to withdraw presidential election this Sunday marks a significant turn in American politics. During his tenure, the country has seen the introduction, establishment, and amendment of numerous climate policies involving massive investments. The past four years under the Biden administration have been eventful from a climate change perspective. Let’s refresh our memory on the climate agendas rolled out by this government.

Key Highlights of Biden’s Climate Change Plan

“That’s why, when people talk about climate, I think jobs.  Within our climate response lies an extraordinary engine of job creation and economic opportunity ready to be fired up.  That’s why I’ve proposed a huge investment in American infrastructure and American innovation to tap the economic opportunity that climate change presents our workers and our communities, especially those too often that have — left out and left behind.”

-Remarks by President Biden at the Virtual Leaders Summit on Climate Opening Session (source: The White House)

Rejoined the Paris Agreement

From day one, Biden initiated the process for the U.S. to rejoin the Paris Agreement. The U.S. officially re-entered the agreement shortly after. Biden issued an executive order on tackling the “Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad”, creating the position of Special Presidential Envoy for Climate and announcing several high-level climate summits. Later, he set a target to reduce carbon emissions by at least 50% below 2005 levels by 2030. That was a historic announcement!

LATEST: Is Biden’s $8 Billion American Climate Corps Budget Worth It?

Signed the Inflation Reduction Act

He signed the Inflation Reduction Act in August 2022. Notably, it’s one of the most critical climate agendas of America. It includes significant investments in climate protection, such as tax credits for households to reduce energy costs, funding for clean energy production, and incentives to lower carbon emissions. The administration concentrated on creating tax credit guidelines and initiating programs to execute its various clean energy measures. To achieve excellence in climate action, they needed to maintain prompt and fair implementation of the legislation while also filling policy gaps.

 Climate-Smart Stimulus Package to Revive from COVID-19.

Biden proposed a $2 trillion climate-smart stimulus package to boost the domestic economy, create jobs, and expand America’s clean energy sector. It surpassed the investments made in the 2009 economic recovery package. He prioritized modernizing the electricity grid, electrifying schools, and transit buses, enhancing the transportation system, upgrading public schools, boosting industrial innovation, and restoring trees to the landscape.

Biden committed to ensuring that at least 40% of the funding benefits go to the less-privileged communities. These investments targeted both short-term and long-term emissions-reduction goals. They installed solar, wind, heat pumps, and electric vehicles to cut costs. At the same time, they invested in future technologies which included the heavy emission sectors like steel, geothermal systems, and clean hydrogen.

READ MORE: US EPA to Invest $20B in Climate and Clean Energy Projects for Underserved Communities

Curb Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Methane Action Plan

The President ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in September 2022. The EPA issued regulations to phase down HFCs under the American Innovation and Manufacturing Act of 2020.

In November 2022, the Biden administration updated the Methane Action Plan with 50 measures supported by $20 billion from various laws. The Inflation Reduction Act introduced a methane emissions fee for oil and gas facilities, starting in 2024 and increasing to $1,500 per metric ton by 2026. At the 2023 UN climate summit (COP28), the administration announced strict standards to reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. On January 12, 2024, the EPA proposed rules to enforce this fee.

Biden helped launch the Global Methane Pledge at the 2021 UN Climate Summit (COP26). By December 2023, 155 countries had committed to cutting their methane emissions by at least 30% by 2030.

source: World Resources Institute

Biden’s Milestones for the Energy Sector

Offshore wind was a crucial part of Biden’s promise to combat climate change that would generate jobs and enhance the economy. Biden approved the first U.S. offshore wind project and set new standards to cut methane emissions, which will prevent the equivalent of 1.5 billion tons of CO2. The American Clean Power Association (ACP) projected around 14 GW of offshore wind capacity along U.S. coastlines by 2030. This fell short of the 30 GW goal set by President Joe Biden’s administration in 2021 to boost the domestic energy industry.

MORE DETAILS: Transforming the American Clean Energy Landscape Under Biden’s Era

Biden and the EPA introduced national carbon pollution standards, mandating a 90% reduction in emissions from coal and new gas plants. They also modernized the federal environmental review process under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The rule introduces a new permit for efficiencies from the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023.

Biden also transformed the energy-efficiency standards for residential water heaters. These standards cut energy waste and carbon pollution. He envisioned that this would save nearly $1 trillion over 30 years and reduce utility bills by $100 or more per year for the average family.

Image: EIA projects renewables share of the U.S. electricity generation mix will double by 2050

Finally, Biden signed the ADVANCE Act in July this year to support advanced nuclear technologies and the continued operation of existing nuclear plants. Recently, President Biden signed The Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act to strengthen America’s energy and economic security, and eventually eliminate reliance on Russia for nuclear power.

 MUST READ: U.S. DOE Aims to Expand Domestic Uranium Supply with US$2.7B RFP

Investments in CDR projects

On May 19, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced a $3.5 billion funding opportunity from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to capture and store CO2 directly from the air. The Regional Direct Air Capture Hubs program supported four large-scale hubs with carbon dioxide removal (CDR) projects. These hubs created jobs, engaged communities, and advanced environmental justice. Alongside other decarbonization efforts, this technology played a key role in achieving President Biden’s net-zero economy goal by 2050.

KNOW HOW: $100B Carbon Market Could Drive $700B Annual Investments in Projects

Curbing Transport Emissions

During his early tenure in 2021, Biden signed the bipartisan Infrastructure Act, allocating over $100 billion for rail, mass transit, charging stations, and zero-emission ferries and buses.

On March 29, 2024, the Biden-Harris Administration finalized the historic greenhouse gas standards ever for heavy-duty vehicles. This action protects public health, addresses the climate crisis, and keeps the American economy moving. The EPA adopted new emission rules for cars, aiming to cut 50% of CO2 emissions by 2032 and mitigate 7 billion tons of CO2 in the next 30 years. This rule can eliminate more GHG emissions than any other climate rule in U.S. history.

This year EPA also issued carbon emissions limits for heavy trucks, estimating a prevention of 1 billion tons of CO2 emissions. It introduced 3,400 electric school buses, and Biden released $1.7 billion for electric vehicle manufacturing. Additionally, the government released new standards for biofuels.

LATEST: New EPA GHG Standards for Trucks to Cut 60% Emissions by 2032

Despite global challenges, the U.S. has set strong examples in tackling climate change. President Joe Biden’s groundbreaking initiatives have significantly transformed the climate landscape. As America approaches a new presidential term, we hope the new leader continues to take responsible actions and drive further progress in combating climate change.

FURTHER READING: Multi-Billion Dollar U.S. Clean Energy Tax Credits Are Here

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New Bacteria Turns Methane Into Carbon Negative Plastics

What if the world can capture methane, a powerful greenhouse gas emitted by industries such as agriculture and wastewater treatment, and turn it into a useful product? That’s exactly what Mango Materials, a California-based biomanufacturing company, is innovating. 

Mango Materials employs methane-eating microorganisms to transform methane emissions into polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a biodegradable polymer. This polymer is used to create 100% biodegradable polyester pellets for making durable goods, fabrics, and flexible films.

A Methane-Eating Bacteria Advances Sustainable Technologies

Unlike conventional plastics, PHA materials decompose significantly faster—within weeks or months. Better yet, they turn back into methane and carbon dioxide when disposed of properly.

Allison Pieja, Mango’s co-founder and Chief Technology Officer, emphasizes the massive benefits of their technology, saying:

“Our analyses show it should be carbon negative when running at full scale.” 

Mango recently completed a PHA production facility at a wastewater treatment plant in Vacaville, California. Here, they capture methane from microbes that clean the public water supply and channel it into bioreactors with their methane-consuming bacteria. 

The bacteria convert methane into chains of PHA to store energy, akin to how plants store energy in starches by linking carbon dioxide-based sugars. These PHA molecules accumulate inside the bacterial cells for later use.

The company is already producing enough PHA for demonstration products, including a soap dish for sale, net zero sneakers by Allbirds, and sustainable sunglasses designed by Stella McCartney.

Mango Materials aims to scale up production to supply PHA pellets for a broad range of eco-friendly products. CEO and co-founder Molly Morse said that there’s a huge market opportunity for bio-based plastics with the same biodegradability profile as PHA combined with its mechanical properties.

Collaborating for Scale Up

Transitioning from lab-scale research to a commercial process took time. The Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Process Development Unit (ABPDU) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory played a crucial role.

Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office, ABPDU specializes in scaling up bio-based technologies. Mango’s team, founded in 2012, worked with ABPDU to optimize their bacterial culture and the conditions for high PHA yields.

ABPDU, led by Ning Sun, tested industrial-scale equipment with Mango scientists to refine the extraction of PHA from microbial broth. Sun noted that they’ve received broth from Mango at various scales and tested different recovery unit operations to enhance yield and purity. 

The collaboration resulted in a successful process that Mango is confident will be profitable. It was crucial for the biomanufacturing company to access a downstream processing facility and expertise.

Image from Berkeley Lab website

The ABPDU team also gained expertise in intracellular biopolymer extraction. To date, the ABPDU has assisted 85 industry partners and 20 national laboratories in scaling up innovative biology-based products.

Mango Materials’ work was supported by Department of Energy grants. The ABPDU helps early-stage biofuels, biomaterials, and biochemicals scale from research to commercial applications, advancing sustainable technologies.

The company’s innovative use of bacteria to turn methane into biodegradable PHA offers a promising solution to both plastic waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Excitement is high when this technology is scaled for widespread impact.

The post New Bacteria Turns Methane Into Carbon Negative Plastics appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Brew Green: Nestlé Boosts Arabica Supply Chain to Lower Carbon Footprint

For more than two decades, Nestlé through its “Sustainable Agriculture Initiative” (SAIN) has empowered farmers to adopt sustainable practices in coffee production. This time, the company is enhancing its Arabica variety supply chain to mitigate the carbon footprint of coffee production. So, what’s brewing in here? Let’s find out.

Introducing Arabica Star 4: Nestlé’s Sustainable and High-Yielding Coffee Variety

Nestlé has developed a new high-yielding Arabica coffee variety called Star 4 to strengthen its coffee supply chain. As global coffee demand is growing significantly, irrespective of climate changes, Nestlé has innovated its coffee variety with a reduced carbon footprint. The news release highlighted that the company was very concerned about the shrinking of Arabica cultivation areas due to climate change. Thus, this prompted Nestlé to leverage its agricultural expertise to overcome environmental concerns while ensuring a steady supply chain.

Nestlé’s team of scientists, technologists, and agronomists hail that the Star 4 is a “novel high-yielding Arabica variety” selected in Brazil. It is highly resilient and has a unique Brazilian coffee flavor.

Jeroen Dijkman, Head of Nestlé’s Institute of Agricultural Sciences remarked,

 “Ensuring resilient coffee supply chains is crucial for future generations to enjoy exceptional coffee. Star 4, with its larger bean size and resistance to coffee leaf rust, demonstrates significantly higher yields compared to Brazil’s predominant local varieties, thereby reducing its environmental footprint.”

Notably, Marcelo Burity, Nestlé’s Head of Green Coffee Development has emphasized the importance of optimizing farming practices to minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with coffee cultivation. He added,

“Optimizing cultivation practices remains vital as they are the primary factor contributing to the environmental impact of a cup of coffee.”

Nestlé strengthens its commitment to sustainable farming by partnering with the Brazilian foundation Procafé to register Star 4, aligning with its Agriculture Framework for responsible sourcing.

Other Sustainable Coffee Varieties of Nestlé

In addition to Star 4, Nestlé has introduced Roubi 1 and 2, Robusta varieties in Mexico, showcasing its ongoing commitment to innovative solutions in coffee cultivation. In the year 2021, the company added a new generation of carbon coffee using non-GMO breeding techniques. These two Robusta coffee varieties increase yields to 50% per tree compared to standard varieties. They cause a 30% reduction in the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) footprint of green coffee beans.

The basic idea of sustainable coffee production is to produce more coffee per unit of land, fertilizer, and energy input. Reducing the carbon footprint of green coffee beans is crucial, as they contribute significantly to the total CO2e emissions of a cup of coffee, ranging from 40% to 80%. Nestlé’s new Robusta varieties achieve up to a 30% reduction in CO2e, marking a substantial environmental breakthrough in coffee production.

MUST READ: Nestlé Unveils New Initiatives to Cut Cocoa Supply Emissions 

Transforming Coffee Production with 100% Sustainable Agriculture

The coffee giant aims to remove 13 MMT CO2e from the atmosphere through its dedicated sustainability initiatives by 2030. It further wants to achieve 100% certified sustainable cocoa and coffee by 2025, ensuring that every step of the production process contributes to a healthier planet. Here’s how Nestlé is making its coffee farming and operations eco-friendly.

Planting More Shade Trees

Various initiatives focus on integrating shade trees within farming systems. This approach particularly benefits crops like cocoa and coffee, which thrive under shaded conditions. By encouraging farmers to plant more shade trees, the initiative aims to shield these crops from heat stress and other environmental threats such as heavy rainfall. Moreover, shade trees play a pivotal role in improving water management, enhancing biodiversity, and sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thus contributing significantly to emission reduction efforts.

Boosting Soil Health

A critical component of sustainable agriculture involves improving soil health to maximize land productivity. Nestlé has adopted many eco-friendly practices such as no-tillage, cover cropping, crop rotation, and organic fertilizers. Additionally, composting agricultural waste essentially fosters a robust carbon cycle for sustainable farming practices.

Agroforestry in Border Areas

Another important criterion is optimizing the surrounding areas of the main farmland. Some such practices involve restoring forests and peatlands and implementing strategic projects like windbreaks. These efforts mitigate carbon emissions and protect the biodiversity of that agricultural land.

Some other significant technological advancements to enhance cocoa and coffee supply chains and restore carbon sinks involve:

farm-level assessments
sustainability certifications
satellite monitoring systems
100% renewable energy

Nestlé’s Emission Reduction Strategies

According to its current sustainability report, Nestlé achieved a 13.58% GHG emissions reduction in 2023 as compared to its 2018 baseline.

source: Nestlé

Nestlé has pledged to curb their emissions by 20% by 2025. By 2050, the organization aims to achieve net zero emissions by implementing regenerative agricultural practices. Furthermore, it is transitioning its logistics and operations to zero emissions. This ensures all facets of the organization contribute to environmental sustainability.

It will use high-quality natural climate solutions, benefiting communities and ecosystems to offset residual emissions. This approach balances environmental impact with societal well-being, supporting a sustainable future for all.

source: Nestlé

DID YOU KNOW?

Here’s a cool fact! Nestlé clinched the top spot for “coffee sustainability” in the 2023 Coffee Brew Index, as highlighted in the latest Coffee Barometer report. The accolade reflects Nestlé’s robust coffee sourcing strategy, which integrates social, environmental, and economic dimensions.

David Rennie, Head of Coffee Brands at Nestlé, emphasized,

“This recognition underscores our ongoing dedication to responsible coffee sourcing. Through initiatives like the Nescafé Plan and Nespresso AAA Sustainable Quality Program, we collaborate closely with coffee farmers to promote sustainable and inclusive farming practices. Our commitment remains steadfast in innovating and advancing coffee farming for the better.”

With these science-backed coffee varieties and a strategic focus on sustainability, Nestlé is sure to achieve its net zero goals. Until then, let’s wait for the moment to savor a fresh cuppa as it hits the stores.

KNOW MORE: Nestlé and Fonterra to Develop NZ’s First Net Zero Dairy Farm 

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