Buying Low, Building Smart: WRLG’s High-Stakes Gold Play Pays Off

gold

Disseminated on behalf of West Red Lake Gold Mines Ltd.

In early 2023, when gold hovered around US$1,970 per ounce and market momentum was weak, most investors played it safe. But West Red Lake Gold Mines Inc. (WRLG) didn’t. Instead, they took a bold, contrarian bet by acquiring the Madsen Mine—a once-prominent gold producer in Ontario’s Red Lake district—for C$6.5 million in cash, 40.73 million WRLG shares, a 1% Net Smelter Return (NSR) royalty, and deferred consideration payments of US$6.8 million.

Contrarian Call Pays Off: Reviving Madsen Mine

The mine had collapsed under its previous owner, Pure Gold Mining, due to a flawed resource model and undercapitalized execution. Despite over C$350 million invested by Pure Gold over seven years, the mine produced disappointing results and eventually went bankrupt. Most investors ran from the wreckage.

west red lake gold WRLG
Source: WRLG

However, WRLG could foresee the potential of this mine. Madsen had produced over 2 million ounces of gold historically. It sat on high-grade mineralization in one of the world’s richest gold belts. The mine was fully permitted, had most of the required infrastructure in place, and needed the right team to fix past mistakes.

Expertise at Work: Fixing What Others Couldn’t

From mid-2023 to mid-2025, WRLG has done the grind to turn things around. They raised $140 million in tough markets. It was no easy feat, but gold-experienced investors understood the value of WRLG’s deep technical know-how. That know-how showed through in a clear plan for Madsen: rebuild trust, improve the resource model, add some key pieces of missing infrastructure, and prepare Madsen for a clean restart.

Key steps included:

  • An intensive program of definition drilling to tighten spacing from ~20 meters to ~7 meters, to inform an accurate and high-resolution model of the gold deposit.
  • Building a mine plan to optimize efficient mine design and mining optionality, two requirements for successful mining
  • Completing critical infrastructure to support efficient operations, like the 1,448-meter Connection Drift—a major underground haulage route that was completed on time in March 2025 – and the 114-person on-site camp.
  • Validating the entire approach via a bulk sample test, pulling 15,000 tonnes from six stopes in three parts of the resource to show that actual tonnes, grade, and contained gold on mining aligns very closely with WRLG’s modelled predictions.

WRLG has a strong backup from top mining investment firms like Sprott Lending, Van Eck Funds, and Accilent Capital and renowned mining legend Frank Giustra. Together, they’ve backed the company’s aggressive but carefully executed transformation.

Shane Williams, President and CEO of WRLG said,

“West Red Lake Gold has worked intensely over the last 16 months to greatly improve our knowledge of the orebody and de-risk the project with the objective of executing a successful restart of the Madsen Mine, and this PFS is the culmination of that effort. This initial reserve mine plan only taps well defined and tightly drilled parts of the deposit relatively close to existing workings and still generates robust margins based on a production rate of approximately 70,000 oz. per year that generate almost $400 million in post-tax free cash flow over a 7-year mine life.”

Execution Meets Opportunity: All Set for Production in 2025

Because of all this diligent planning and relentless effort, WRLG restarted the mine on time in late May and will ramp up gold production at the Madsen Mine through the second half of 2025. Achieving a purchase-to-production turnaround in just two years is rare in the mining world. This short timeline speaks volumes about WRLG’s pace and precision.

GOLD wrlg
Source: WRLG

In January 2025, the company released a pre-feasibility mine plan showing strong free cash flow potential. And that’s before even factoring in upside from ongoing exploration. Since acquiring the mine, WRLG has invested CAD$140 million. Add to that the CAD$350 million spent by the previous owner and compare it to WRLG’s current valuation and position on the edge of gold production, and you get an undervalued project with significant built-in advantages.

Most importantly, WRLG is gearing up for production just as the gold market is exploding. Gold prices have hit all-time highs, recently trading above CAD$4,150 per ounce. The second quarter of 2025 set a record for average gold prices, and investors are now moving into gold equities, pushing valuations higher across the board.

WRLG is standing out for the right reasons. It’s a near-term producer sitting on a permitted, high-grade deposit in one of the world’s most proven gold districts. The infrastructure is in place, the plan is clear, and the timeline is short.

GOLD WRLG
Source: WRLG

Smart, Bold, and Ready to Shine

West Red Lake Gold didn’t just pick up a bargain. They saw a failed operation and knew exactly what needed fixing. With vision, technical know-how, and rigorous follow-through, the company has turned a broken asset into a rare opportunity.

They moved in when others backed off and demonstrated with a successful bulk sample that their strategy works. Now, they’re ready to produce gold just as the market is red hot. This perfect mix of timing, talent, and hard work makes WRLG one of the most exciting gold stories unfolding today.

It’s best defined in their words,

“We are visionaries who acted on a coming market, pushed hard to unlock the value in a hated asset, and are now poised to be a rare and desirable new gold mine as gold trades through all-time highs and keeps climbing”.

DISCLAIMER

New Era Publishing Inc. and/or CarbonCredits.com (“We” or “Us”) are not securities dealers or brokers, investment advisers or financial advisers, and you should not rely on the information herein as investment advice. West Red Lake Gold Mines Ltd. made a one-time payment of $30,000 to provide marketing services for a term of 1 month. None of the owners, members, directors, or employees of New Era Publishing Inc. and/or CarbonCredits.com currently hold, or have any beneficial ownership in, any shares, stocks, or options in the companies mentioned. This article is informational only and is solely for use by prospective investors in determining whether to seek additional information. This does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities. Examples that we provide of share price increases pertaining to a particular Issuer from one referenced date to another represent an arbitrarily chosen time period and are no indication whatsoever of future stock prices for that Issuer and are of no predictive value. Our stock profiles are intended to highlight certain companies for your further investigation; they are not stock recommendations or constitute an offer or sale of the referenced securities. The securities issued by the companies we profile should be considered high risk; if you do invest despite these warnings, you may lose your entire investment. Please do your own research before investing, including reading the companies’ SEDAR+ and SEC filings, press releases, and risk disclosures. It is our policy that information contained in this profile was provided by the company, extracted from SEDAR+ and SEC filings, company websites, and other publicly available sources. We believe the sources and information are accurate and reliable but we cannot guarantee it.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT AND FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Certain statements contained in this news release may constitute “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking information generally can be identified by words such as “anticipate”, “expect”, “estimate”, “forecast”, “planned”, and similar expressions suggesting future outcomes or events. Forward-looking information is based on current expectations of management; however, it is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking information in this news release and include without limitation, statements relating to the plans and timing for the potential production of mining operations at the Madsen Mine, the potential (including the amount of tonnes and grades of material from the bulk sample program) of the Madsen Mine; the benefits of test mining; any untapped growth potential in the Madsen deposit or Rowan deposit; and the Company’s future objectives and plans. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking information.

Forward-looking information involves numerous risks and uncertainties and actual results might differ materially from results suggested in any forward-looking information. These risks and uncertainties include, among other things, market volatility; the state of the financial markets for the Company’s securities; fluctuations in commodity prices; timing and results of the cleanup and recovery at the Madsen Mine; and changes in the Company’s business plans. Forward-looking information is based on a number of key expectations and assumptions, including without limitation, that the Company will continue with its stated business objectives and its ability to raise additional capital to proceed. Although management of the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking information, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that such forward-looking information will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information. Readers are cautioned that reliance on such information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Additional information about risks and uncertainties is contained in the Company’s management’s discussion and analysis for the year ended December 31, 2024, and the Company’s annual information form for the year ended December 31, 2024, copies of which are available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.

The forward-looking information contained herein is expressly qualified in its entirety by this cautionary statement. Forward-looking information reflects management’s current beliefs and is based on information currently available to the Company. The forward-looking information is made as of the date of this news release and the Company assumes no obligation to update or revise such information to reflect new events or circumstances, except as may be required by applicable law.

For more information on the Company, investors should review the Company’s continuous disclosure filings that are available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.

Please read our Full RISKS and DISCLOSURE here.

The post Buying Low, Building Smart: WRLG’s High-Stakes Gold Play Pays Off appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Offset Your Carbon Footprint (and Make a Profit)

Disseminated on behalf of World Tree.

What if your next investment could help the planet and your portfolio? With World Tree’s 2025 Eco-Tree Program, it can.

As North America’s largest grower of Empress trees, World Tree plants hardwoods that grow 3X faster than traditional trees, sequester massive amounts of carbon, and regenerate farmland. Just one acre offsets your carbon footprint for an entire decade.

Even better? Each acre you invest can also return up to $20,000 within 8-12 years. Here’s how World Tree is changing the landscape, literally and figuratively, of sustainable investing.

How You Can Profit

Here’s how your investment works:

  • You Invest: Your funds go directly toward planting Empress Splendor trees across carefully selected farms in the U.S., Mexico, and Costa Rica.
  • They Grow: Over 8–12 years, the trees mature into premium-grade lumber.
  • You Earn: You get 30% of the profits when we sell our trees. Based on an 80% survival and an average selling price of 5.89 per board foot, you can make up to a 5X return on your investment.

Why the 2025 Eco-Tree Program Stands Out

World Tree is perfectly positioned to capitalize on this lumber boom, a $170B North American opportunity already, with demand expected to quadruple by 2050.

With over 7,000 acres planted across 375 carefully vetted farms, they’ve established themselves as the largest grower of Empress Splendor trees in North and Latin America. These farms are rigorously selected, ensuring optimal conditions for growth and committed farmers who receive ongoing support and training.

Meanwhile, Empress Splendor trees are a game-changer in the industry, reaching maturity 3X faster than traditional trees like cedar. World Tree’s proven expertise, extensive infrastructure, and trusted partnerships make it the leader in this market, offering investors a rare opportunity to benefit from this fast-growing opportunity.

The Environmental Bonus

Profits aren’t the only benefit this deal delivers. Investing in the 2025 Eco-Tree Program can help save our planet.

Each acre of Empress Splendor trees offsets a decade of carbon emissions for the average person, making it one of the most efficient natural carbon sequestration tools available. And even beyond capturing carbon, these trees restore degraded farmland, promoting healthier ecosystems through soil revitalization.

By planting these fast-growing trees, World Tree also enhances biodiversity, creating habitats for pollinators and protecting native forests. This is an investment that not only generates financial returns but also leaves a lasting environmental legacy.

Don’t Miss This Low Price

This deal gets even better for those who act quickly. Investments made before the deadline will secure the current unit price before it increases.

That means an acre investment before the deadline could return as much as $24,000. And more trees mean more profits (and a bigger environmental impact).

In the end, the 2025 Eco-Tree Program offers an investment opportunity that’s as rare as rewarding. And with the deadline before the current price increases fast approaching, the time to act is now.

Make the most of your stake in the lumber boom with the fastest-growing trees around. Visit invest.ecotreeprogram.com to learn more before the price increase takes effect.

This is a paid advertisement for World Tree’s Regulation CF Offering. Please read the offering circular at invest.ecotreeprogram.com


Disclosure: Owners, members, directors, and employees of carboncredits.com have/may have stock or option positions in any of the companies mentioned: None.

Carboncredits.com receives compensation for this publication and has a business relationship with any company whose stock(s) is/are mentioned in this article.

Additional disclosure: This communication serves the sole purpose of adding value to the research process and is for information only. Please do your own due diligence. Every investment in securities mentioned in publications of carboncredits.com involves risks that could lead to a total loss of the invested capital.

Please read our Full RISKS and DISCLOSURE here.

The post Offset Your Carbon Footprint (and Make a Profit) appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Amazon to Power AI Data Center Expansion with 1,920 MW Nuclear PPA from Talen Energy

amazon

U.S.-based Talen Energy has signed a major long-term agreement with Amazon to deliver 1,920 megawatts of carbon-free nuclear electricity to support Amazon Web Services (AWS) operations across Pennsylvania. The electricity will come from Talen’s Susquehanna nuclear power station, ensuring clean and reliable power for AWS’s growing AI and cloud infrastructure.

The press release announced a new power purchase agreement (PPA) on June 11, 2025. This deal greatly expands the partnership between Talen and Amazon. It is one of the largest clean energy contracts, providing Amazon with zero-emission electricity through 2042, with an option to extend. Full delivery of the power is expected by 2032, but Talen and Amazon hope to speed up that timeline.

Talen President and Chief Executive Officer Mac McFarland

“Our agreement with Amazon is designed to provide us with a long-term, steady source of revenue and greater balance sheet flexibility through contracted revenues. We remain a first mover in this space and intend to continue to execute on our data center strategy. Talen is well-positioned to support Amazon’s energy needs as it invests further in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.”

Talen Energy is Supporting Amazon’s AI Growth with Clean Power

The company has a diversified 10.7 GW power portfolio. The company delivers electricity, capacity, and ancillary services to wholesale markets. It also pioneers the production of safe, reliable, and clean energy for digital infrastructure and data centers using a mix of nuclear and dispatchable fossil fuel assets.

  • Notably, Susquehanna is one of the lowest-cost and best-operated nuclear plants in the nation. 
Susquehanna nuclear
Source: Talen Energy

The PPA will help Amazon meet the soaring power demands of its AI and cloud computing platforms. The carbon-free energy will primarily serve a data center campus located next to the Susquehanna plant, with the potential to reach other AWS sites across Pennsylvania.

The Susquehanna facility will supply energy to the PJM grid, with Talen acting as the retail supplier to Amazon.

  • After the plant’s Spring 2026 refueling outage, transmission reconfiguration will finish.
  • Then, the current load arrangement will change to a “front-of-the-meter” model.
  • PPL Electric Utilities will manage transmission and delivery.

Why Nuclear is Amazon’s Best Bet for Carbon-Free Growth?

As the energy sector rapidly evolves, Amazon Web Services (AWS) is stepping up with scalable cloud solutions. AWS helps utilities boost efficiency, integrate renewables, and manage distributed energy systems, all while cutting emissions and modernizing outdated infrastructure.

AWS accelerates clean energy goals through partnerships with leaders like Duke Energy and GE Vernova, enabling smarter grid management.

A key benefit of Amazon’s partnership with Talen Energy is access to carbon-free nuclear power. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear energy generates zero greenhouse gas emissions during operation, making it a strong fit for powering high-demand services like AI and cloud computing.

Kevin Miller, AWS Vice President of Global Data Centers, highlighted Amazon’s broader commitment to Pennsylvania, stating:

“Amazon is proud to help Pennsylvania advance AI innovation through investments in the Commonwealth’s economic and energy future. That’s why we’re making the largest private sector investment in state history – $20B – to bring 1,250 high-skilled jobs and economic benefits to the state, while also collaborating with Talen Energy to help power our infrastructure with carbon-free energy.”

The retail giant is adding nuclear power to supply carbon-free energy to AWS data centers and is investing over $52 billion across three U.S. states as part of its massive data center expansion.

The company has entered into three major agreements to explore and develop SMRs, viewing them as a scalable and dependable solution to meet rising data energy demands.

  • In 2023, Amazon’s carbon footprint was nearly 69 million metric tons of CO2, lower than its 2021 peak but still significant.
amazon carbon emissions
Source: Amazon

This reliable, clean energy source can help Amazon cut its carbon footprint while maintaining the performance needed to support its rapidly growing AWS infrastructure.

Amazon and Talen are Jointly Exploring SMRs and Nuclear Output Expansion

Beyond the current deal, Amazon and Talen will jointly explore the development of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) on Talen’s Pennsylvania sites. The companies are also considering uprates at Susquehanna to expand generation capacity, to contribute net-new energy to the PJM grid.

These efforts would not only boost clean energy availability but also send strong market signals encouraging investment in Pennsylvania’s grid modernization and new generation infrastructure.

Stabilizing Revenue and Reducing Risk

For Talen, the PPA brings more than just a steady revenue stream. It substantially reduces exposure to volatile wholesale markets and lessens the company’s reliance on the federal nuclear production tax credit.

Talen operates 12 generation sites across the U.S., with a total capacity of about 10.7 gigawatts. Its portfolio includes 2.2 GW of nuclear capacity and a mix of fossil fuel assets, mainly in the Mid-Atlantic and Montana.

Boosting Local Jobs and Pennsylvania’s Energy Future

The agreement ensures continued operation of the Susquehanna plant, securing over 900 existing jobs and creating new roles tied to construction and energy infrastructure. The project is expected to deliver economic benefits while strengthening Pennsylvania’s role as a key energy exporter.

Christine Martin, President of PPL Electric Utilities, noted,

“PPL Electric Utilities is investing in the resiliency of its transmission system so we can better serve our customers, meet growing energy demands, and ensure power is delivered reliably. Connecting large load customers like data centers to our transmission system helps lower the transmission component of energy bills for all customers, as large load customers pay significant transmission charges on our network. We’re excited to be part of Amazon’s broader investment in Pennsylvania and look forward to the positive effects it can have for our customers and the local economy.”

Key leaders have voiced their support for the deal, including Pennsylvania Governor Josh Shapiro, U.S. Senator Dave McCormick (R-PA), and U.S. Representative Dan Meuser (R-PA), who represents the state’s 9th Congressional District. Their backing highlights the importance of this partnership for Pennsylvania’s energy future and economic growth.

nuclear investment

Driving Clean Energy and Grid Resilience

The Talen-Amazon partnership is a powerful endorsement of nuclear power’s role in enabling decarbonization and digital transformation. With AI workloads driving exponential increases in power demand, this deal positions nuclear energy as a stable, zero-carbon solution for meeting that need.

As Pennsylvania continues to export more power than it consumes, agreements like this help sustain energy leadership while fostering new investment and grid resilience. By advancing carbon-free generation, Talen and Amazon are pushing forward a more sustainable and innovation-ready energy future.

The post Amazon to Power AI Data Center Expansion with 1,920 MW Nuclear PPA from Talen Energy appeared first on Carbon Credits.

UK Bets on Rolls-Royce For Its First Small Modular Nuclear Reactors With £2.5B Pledge

UK Bets on Rolls-Royce For Its First Small Modular Nuclear Reactors With £2.5B Pledge

The UK government has selected Rolls‑Royce Holdings PLC to lead its first wave of small modular reactor (SMR) development. After a two-year competition, Rolls‑Royce emerged ahead of other shortlisted firms like GE‑Hitachi and Holtec.

The chosen consortium—a mix of public and private investors—secured £210 million in government support alongside £280 million of its own funding. This financing will help build three SMRs with a combined output of about 1.5 gigawatts, enough to power around 1.5 million homes. So, why this move toward SMRs?

What Makes SMRs Different and Strategic

Small modular reactors offer several advantages compared to traditional nuclear plants. They are compact and factory-built. This design cuts costs, speeds up construction, and limits delays. These issues often affect large reactors, like Hinkley Point C.

Most SMRs provide under 300 megawatts, but Rolls-Royce’s design offers 470 MW. This makes it big for an SMR, but still much smaller than 3.2 GW projects like Sizewell C.

However, several challenges remain. SMRs have never been built at commercial scale in the UK or elsewhere. Their projected cost—£2.5 billion for the first 470 MW unit—may fall to £2 billion for later versions.

Still, industry analysts caution that real costs could shift depending on interest rates and supply-chain capacity. Moreover, regulatory approvals in the UK could take around four and a half years.

UK Nuclear Investment Strategy: Large and Small

The SMR decision comes alongside major investment in traditional nuclear power. The UK has committed an additional £14.2 billion to build Sizewell C, bringing total public funds to £17.8 billion. Once completed, the 3.2 GW Sizewell C plant could power 6 million homes and create about 10,000 construction jobs at its peak.

UK civil nuclear sites
Source: Image from UK Government report

Together, these projects signal a broad shift in UK energy policy. The government will provide £2.5 billion for SMRs over three years. It will also support Sizewell C and ongoing nuclear innovations, like fusion research.

Officials see nuclear power as vital. It helps cut gas imports, reduce carbon emissions, and keep energy costs steady in a shifting world.

nuclear carbon emission
Source: World Nuclear Association

Building Britain’s Nuclear Future

Rolls‑Royce aims to proceed to commercial agreements with Great British Nuclear later this year and to choose at least three sites by the end of 2025. The goal is for the first SMR units to connect to the grid in the mid‑2030s. 

If successful, these reactors will boost the impact of Hinkley Point C, which is set to come online soon. They will also support the future Sizewell C project. This will mark the biggest nuclear energy expansion in the UK in fifty years.

A successful rollout can help the UK reach its climate goals. It could also stabilize power prices and create new high-skill jobs at home. But much depends on managing costs, avoiding delays, securing public support, and completing the regulatory process.

If Rolls‑Royce builds SMRs on time and to target cost, it might spark a “golden age” of nuclear in the UK—and open export markets around the world.

Beyond energy supply, the project aims to spark a UK-based manufacturing industry. Rolls‑Royce plans to build a factory for SMR components, backed by investors like Czech utility ČEZ, Constellation in the US, and the Qatar Investment Authority. 

By partnering internationally, Rolls‑Royce positions itself to export SMR systems to countries like the Czech Republic and Sweden.

Industry Reactions and Global Footprint

Industry leaders broadly welcomed the SMR award to Rolls‑Royce. CEO Chris Cholerton remarked: 

“As well as delivering affordable, clean energy to support our nation’s energy independence – deploying three of our units will drive domestic growth by creating thousands of highly skilled, well-paid jobs and supply chain opportunities. We are the only SMR company with multiple commitments to build projects in Europe, testament to our differentiated design and compelling offer”.

Rolls‑Royce also highlighted that up to 70% of the SMR supply chain could be based in the UK, supporting thousands of jobs. International interest follows suit. The selected design has already been chosen in the Czech Republic and is under consideration in Sweden.

Rolls-Royce SMR design
Source: Rolls-Royce

In the global energy race, the US, for instance, allocated $900 million toward SMR development

Still, the SMRs face scrutiny. Experts point out that these reactors, while smaller, are not cheap and come with the same safety hurdles as larger nuclear plants. Potential sites must undergo new environmental and planning approval processes, and rules may be relaxed to support this programme.

2030 and Beyond: The Global Nuclear Market Heats Up

Global nuclear power is set for major growth as countries seek cleaner and more secure energy. The International Energy Agency (IEA) reports that nuclear power capacity was 416 gigawatts (GW) in 2023. The agency expects it to grow to 647 GW by 2050 if current policies remain in place. In stronger climate action scenarios, capacity could exceed 1,000 GW.

Small modular reactors will likely be key in this growth. Their size is compact, they are built in factories, and they offer flexibility. SMR capacity might rise from nearly zero today to 40 GW if trends continue. With quicker cost cuts and more investment, it could reach 190 GW by 2050.

nuclear energy investment outlook by type 2050

China leads global SMR deployment, with 40–50 GW expected by 2050. North America may reach 30 GW, with growing demand from data centers. Europe is projected to host 15 GW, while other regions like India and Southeast Asia also show interest.

In terms of financing, total global investment in nuclear could reach $2.9 trillion by 2050, with SMRs accounting for $670 billion or more. Big tech companies like Amazon and Google are already backing SMR projects.

Success relies on three key factors: cutting costs, speeding up approvals, and gaining public trust. These steps are essential to transform current plans into widespread nuclear deployment in the coming decades.

Investing in the Nuclear Revival: 3 Stocks to Watch 

With all the attention and hype around SMRs, investor interest in nuclear energy is rising, with several SMR-related stocks rallying and gaining momentum. Oklo Inc. (NASDAQ: OKLO), recently public via a SPAC backed by OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, surged over 100% after listing in May 2025. The company is developing compact fast reactors aimed at powering data centers and remote sites.

Also, Cameco Corporation (NASDAQ: CCJ) is one of the world’s largest providers of uranium fuel, essential for generating safe, reliable, and carbon-free nuclear power globally. The company has top-grade uranium reserves and runs low-cost mines mainly in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. This includes McArthur River, the world’s largest high-grade uranium mine. 

Another standout is Constellation Energy (NASDAQ: CEG), the largest U.S. nuclear operator, which is investing in advanced nuclear technologies, including SMRs for commercial clients like Microsoft. 

These companies gain from strong policy support and rising electricity demand. Nuclear stocks are catching the eye of investors. As governments and tech companies search for clean energy, these stocks offer potential for long-term growth.

The UK’s commitment to SMRs, combined with large reactor projects, could position it among key global players. With predicted growth to over 1,000 GW by 2050, 190 GW of SMR capacity, nuclear power appears set for a comeback. Yet, turn-key success hinges on fast action, clear policies, and managing cost risks. If it succeeds, we may be entering a new nuclear age.

The post UK Bets on Rolls-Royce For Its First Small Modular Nuclear Reactors With £2.5B Pledge appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Aircapture Raises $50M to Scale Modular Direct Air Capture Systems

carbon capture

Aircapture has secured $50 million in Series A funding to grow its modular Direct Air Capture (DAC) systems. These systems remove carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air and can be installed at factories, plants, and other high-emission sites. This funding will help scale production, improve technology, and meet rising demand from industries wanting to reduce emissions.

This funding round shows increasing confidence in DAC solutions. As climate rules tighten, industries feel pressure to decarbonize quickly. With this investment, Aircapture aims to speed up its role in the carbon capture race.

How Aircapture’s DAC Tech Works

Aircapture’s modular DAC units are compact and flexible. Each unit captures CO₂ each year. Their plug-and-play design allows for quick deployment and scaling based on emission levels.

This setup is ideal for industrial players needing cost-effective, fast carbon solutions. The ability to scale helps companies meet climate goals and adapt to new environmental regulations.

Matt Atwood, founder and CEO of Aircapture, said,

“This investment allows us to meet a critical, underserved need in the $70 billion, opens new tab industrial CO₂ market while decreasing the deployment and operational cost of large-scale carbon removal. Our model delivers high-purity atmospheric CO₂ directly at the point of use, creating immediate economic value and significantly reducing the footprint of traditional CO₂ supply chains. With this funding, we’re expanding our technology deployment, accelerating project financing and manufacturing, and continuing to reduce the cost of direct air capture—making large-scale carbon removal a global reality.”

Where the $50M Funding Will Go

The Series A funds will mainly support faster production and scaling of DAC modules. As more companies look for ways to cut emissions, Aircapture wants to meet that demand.

A large portion of the funding will also go toward refining technology, expanding manufacturing, and possibly developing CO₂ reuse applications. With governments launching net-zero plans and industries pledging carbon neutrality, DAC firms like Aircapture are seeing strong investor interest.

One lead investor remarked that the carbon capture sector is at a turning point. Modular DAC is now viewed as a practical, near-term climate solution.

Environmental Impact of Aircapture’s Modular DAC Systems

Aircapture’s systems pull CO₂ from ambient air and can be deployed on-site. This is important because many traditional systems need to transport CO₂ over long distances, increasing costs and emissions. Aircapture captures CO₂ right where emissions occur.

The captured carbon is not just stored—it can be reused. CO₂ can be repurposed in beverages, packaging, construction materials, or synthetic fuels. By turning carbon waste into valuable products, Aircapture reduces emissions and creates marketable value.

This closed-loop model fits well into the circular carbon economy, offering both environmental and economic benefits.

Carbon Markets Are Heating Up

Aircapture’s expansion comes at a time of rapid growth in carbon markets. Experts predict the global carbon market will reach $100 billion by 2030. The voluntary carbon market (VCM) alone is expected to grow from $2 billion to $10 billion in that time.

Corporations are increasingly paying for verified carbon removals, especially as consumers demand climate accountability. Many buyers are willing to pay up to $200 per tonne for permanent CO₂ removal. This makes Aircapture’s system an attractive option for businesses focused on high-quality offsets.

According to the IEA, the world needs to capture 6 billion tons of CO₂ annually by 2050 to meet climate targets. This goal is steep, but modular DAC systems like Aircapture’s can help bridge the gap with immediate and scalable solutions.

direct air capture
Source: IEA

Sectors That Stand to Gain the Most

Industries with high CO₂ needs, like food and beverage, packaging, and manufacturing, can benefit from Aircapture’s DAC units. These sectors often depend on fossil-based or ethanol-derived CO₂, which poses environmental and supply chain risks.

Switching to captured CO₂ offers a cleaner, more secure option. It helps these companies meet their net-zero commitments. As energy prices rise and ESG expectations grow, using sustainable CO₂ becomes a competitive edge.

Aircapture’s units can be installed at production sites, reducing emissions and reliance on long-haul CO₂ delivery. This is a major win for both the climate and costs.

The Economics of Carbon Capture

According to the World Resources Institute, current Direct Air Capture (DAC) costs range between $250 and $600 per tonne, depending on factors like the technology used, the energy source, and the scale of deployment.

However, with supportive policies and faster market adoption, these costs could drop significantly, potentially reaching $150 to $200 per tonne within the next 5 to 10 years.

The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) are investing billions in carbon capture technologies. These policies provide tax credits and funding for projects focused on long-term CO₂ removal and job creation.
With this support, companies like Aircapture can scale up without bearing the full cost. It’s not just about environmental gain; it’s about building a new industrial ecosystem that is clean and profitable.

What’s Next for Aircapture?

With new funding, Aircapture plans a global rollout. The company will first target industrial locations with large emissions, where technology can make the biggest impact.

The team is also investigating novel ways to use captured CO₂.

For example, turning it into e-fuels, green construction materials, or low-carbon chemicals could create significant new revenue streams while enhancing climate benefits.

The next 5–10 years are critical. As countries increase climate action and industries seek effective decarbonization tools, Aircapture aims to lead the way. Its modular, ready-to-deploy DAC systems offer a unique path forward in a rapidly evolving carbon economy.

The post Aircapture Raises $50M to Scale Modular Direct Air Capture Systems appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Base Carbon: A Rising Force in the Voluntary Carbon Market

Base Carbon: A Rising Force in the Voluntary Carbon Market

Base Carbon Inc. (NEO: BCBN) has rapidly become a significant player in the voluntary carbon market (VCM). The company is showing strong financial performance, strategic growth initiatives, and a growing portfolio of carbon offset projects that contribute meaningfully to global sustainability efforts.

Through a combination of innovative projects, careful asset management, and strategic partnerships, Base Carbon is positioning itself as a leader in an increasingly critical industry. Let’s uncover how the company is becoming a strong force in the VCM.

Financial Performance and Strategic Moves

In the first quarter of 2025, Base Carbon reported an income of almost $518,000. This is a huge turnaround from a loss of $19.8 million during the same time last year. This improvement came mainly from net cash of $789,621, which was earned by selling carbon credits from the Vietnam water purifier project.

The ability to convert carbon credits into a reliable cash flow is a key indicator of Base Carbon’s maturity and market relevance.

Additionally, the company has a strong balance sheet. Total assets are $112.3 million, which includes $13.4 million in cash reserves and $25.6 million in carbon credits. This large inventory shows the company’s commitment to generating carbon credits.

To boost shareholder value, Base Carbon bought back over 0.7 million shares in Q1 2025. After the quarter, it repurchased another 3.75 million shares. These buybacks show confidence in Base Carbon’s value and future. Plus, it also helps boost earnings per share over time.

Backed by Belief: Why Insiders and Investors Are All In

Abaxx Technologies Inc., a key stakeholder in Base Carbon, showed strong support by buying 3.7 million common shares in a private deal in May 2025. Abaxx’s increased investment shows its confidence in Base Carbon’s strategy and growth.

Moreover, insiders, like company management and related entities, hold a big part of the company’s shares. This close tie between leaders and shareholders shows that Base Carbon’s executives care about the company’s success. In turn, this builds trust with outside investors.

The company has strategic partnerships with tech providers and local stakeholders. These partnerships help deploy and verify carbon offset projects. These partnerships are key to building trust and growing Base Carbon’s efforts in the voluntary carbon market.

Project Portfolio: Diverse Initiatives Driving Carbon Credit Generation 

Base Carbon has a growing portfolio, featuring projects that create high-quality carbon credits. These projects tackle important environmental challenges in various regions.

Base Carbon carbon credit investments
Source: Base Carbon financial report
  • Vietnam Water Purifier Project: This project deploys affordable water purification systems in rural Vietnam, reducing the need to boil water with firewood or charcoal. Cutting household CO₂ emissions generated about $35.2 million in cash payments. This fully paid back the investment and created a profit of $14.4 million.

Base Carbon vietnam project
Note: Vietnam carbon credit project
  • Rwanda Cookstoves Project: Aimed at reducing emissions and improving indoor air quality, this initiative distributes efficient cookstoves that require less fuel. It tackles deforestation and health issues. It also generates carbon credits and helps Base Carbon’s social impact goals.

  • India ARR (Afforestation, Reforestation, and Revegetation) Project: This forest restoration project helps absorb atmospheric CO₂ through large-scale tree planting in degraded regions. It helps biodiversity, protects watersheds, and plans to issue its first carbon credits by late 2025.

Base Carbon’s Role in the Voluntary Carbon Market

The voluntary carbon market allows companies, governments, and individuals to purchase carbon credits voluntarily to offset their greenhouse gas emissions. The VCM works through voluntary participation, unlike compliance markets that are regulated by law. This enables various actors to invest in carbon reduction projects around the globe.

base carbon revenue model
Source: Base Carbon

Base Carbon’s role in this market is multifaceted:

Project Developer:

Base Carbon initiates and manages carbon offset projects. This produces verified carbon credits that meet strict international standards. These include the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) and the Gold Standard. These certifications ensure the environmental integrity and additionality of the credits.

Carbon Credit Monetizer:

Base Carbon makes money by selling carbon credits. This is shown by its recent success with credits from the Vietnam project. This ability to turn carbon assets into cash boosts the company’s finances while also providing funds for future projects. The chart below shows the volume of traded carbon credits in the VCM in 2024.

carbon credit trading volume 2024
Source: Data from Ecosystem Marketplace SOVCM 2025 Report

Market Participant and Innovator:

The company trades carbon credits and looks for new market ways to boost liquidity and help with price discovery in the VCM. Base Carbon is also involved in new projects like blockchain carbon registries. These digital marketplaces boost transparency and lower transaction costs.

The company’s stock price has risen sharply lately. CEO Michael Costa credits this to strong execution and a disciplined approach to creating value.

Base Carbon stock
Source: Yahoo Finance

In a recent call, Costa said the stock has “almost nearly doubled” in a short time. This shows the market is starting to see the company’s intrinsic value. He stressed that this momentum isn’t just from market speculation. It’s a response to Base Carbon’s steady delivery on its promises. He noted that:

“We’ve executed, we’ve delivered our three projects on time and on budget…We’re focused on generating dollars and significant value creation…We are a public equity cost-to-capital business, and we always think about it that way…”

Looking ahead, Costa is optimistic about the VCM over the next two to three years. He highlighted a shrinking supply of high-quality credits, especially in afforestation and reforestation (A/R) projects. He said, “High-quality A/R is just starting to gain recognition in the market.

Base Carbon’s early-mover advantage is evident: the company has secured the first Article 6 Letter of Authorization on the Verra registry and maintains a diversified project portfolio across multiple regions.

Costa highlighted the company’s “pre-compliance” credits. These credits are ready for the changing rules and rising demand for carbon credits worldwide. He also mentioned the company’s right to expand the India project, which could add up to 10 million trees. It shows how Base Carbon can grow as the market expands.

Sustainability Initiatives and Future Growth Prospects

Beyond its core project, Base Carbon also invests in sustainability projects. These efforts strengthen its role as a responsible environmental steward.

  • Community Engagement. Base Carbon focuses on partnering with local communities. This way, projects can provide social and environmental benefits. This includes training and education programs, health improvements, and economic opportunities linked to project activities.

  • Technology Integration. The company uses technology to improve monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) of carbon offsets. Tools such as satellite images, IoT sensors, and blockchain improve the accuracy and trust of carbon credit data.

  • Expansion Pipeline. Base Carbon is looking at new projects in areas with high emissions reduction potential. This includes Latin America and Southeast Asia. Expanding its geographic reach will diversify carbon credit sources. This helps reduce risks linked to project concentration.

  • Carbon Market Advocacy. The company joins industry forums and works with policymakers. They aim to promote strong standards and transparency in the VCM.

Why Base Carbon May Be the Next Big Carbon Market Leader

Base Carbon’s recent financial turnaround and share buybacks show it’s on the rise in the voluntary carbon market. Insider investments also support this upward trend. Its expanding and diversified project portfolio — spanning Asia and Africa — generates tangible environmental benefits while delivering economic value for investors.

The carbon offset company stands out for its strong partnerships and innovative ways to monetize carbon credits. It also shows a clear commitment to sustainability. As the voluntary carbon market grows in importance amid global climate goals, Base Carbon’s proactive strategies and solid foundations position it well for sustained growth and leadership in the carbon offset space.

The post Base Carbon: A Rising Force in the Voluntary Carbon Market appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Can Fast Fashion Go Green? SHEIN’s Net-Zero Ambitions Under Scrutiny

Can Fast Fashion Go Green? SHEIN’s Net-Zero Ambitions Under Scrutiny

SHEIN has become one of the biggest names in fast fashion, selling affordable clothes online to customers around the world. The company had revenues of around US$30–32 billion in 2023 and offered nearly 600,000 items for sale at any given time. However, SHEIN is also facing criticisms over its rising carbon footprint and net-zero initiatives. 

The Fast Fashion Industry’s Environmental and Carbon Footprint

The fast fashion industry is one of the most carbon-intensive sectors in the world. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, the global fashion industry accounts for up to 10% of annual carbon emissions—more than all international flights and maritime shipping combined.

The sector also uses large amounts of water, energy, and raw materials, while producing significant textile waste. Fast fashion brands like SHEIN depend on quick production, low-cost materials, and worldwide distribution. This approach raises their environmental impact.

Most fast fashion emissions still come from the upstream supply chain. This includes raw material extraction, dyeing, sewing, packaging, and shipping. Even with more consumers aware, the impact remains high. Many garments are worn only a few times before being discarded, contributing to landfill waste.

fast fashion environmental impact
Source: Green Match

Sustainability initiatives, like using recycled fabrics or reducing transport emissions, are steps forward. However, experts argue that true impact requires slowing down production and rethinking the fast fashion model altogether. So, how does Shein perform on this ground?

SHEIN’s business model uses artificial intelligence (AI) to spot fashion trends and produce clothes quickly in small batches. Items are then shipped directly to consumers, often by air. This model helps reduce the amount of unsold inventory, giving the company huge revenues. However, this approach also adds significantly to the company’s carbon footprint.

leading fast fashion brands by revenue 2024
Source: Green Match

SHEIN’s 2023 Sustainability Report shows that total greenhouse gas emissions increased. They rose from 9.17 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO₂e) in 2022 to 16.68 Mt CO₂e in 2023. That’s an 81% increase in just one year.

Shein GHG carbon emissions 2023
Source: Shein 2023 Sustainability Report

To put that into perspective, this is more than the annual emissions from 4 average coal-fired power plants. Most emissions come from the company’s supply chain and transportation. These areas are hard to control, but they cause most of its environmental impact.

Where SHEIN’s Carbon Emissions Come From

Greenhouse gas emissions are categorized into three groups or “scopes.” Scope 1 refers to emissions from a company’s direct operations, like its offices and warehouses. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from the energy it purchases, like electricity. Together, these made up less than 1% of SHEIN’s total emissions in 2023.

The company reports that 72% of the electricity used at its facilities came from renewable sources last year, an increase from 68% in 2022. However, the bulk of SHEIN’s emissions—over 99%—fall under Scope 3. These emissions happen indirectly in the company’s value chain. They occur during manufacturing, shipping, and packaging.

Shein upstream shipping
Source: Stand.earth

In 2023, 61% of emissions came from supply-chain operations, while 38% were linked to transportation. To reduce these, SHEIN has begun sourcing more products from regions closer to its customers, like Brazil and Turkey. This “nearshoring” helped the company save over 314,000 tons of CO₂e by avoiding long-distance shipping routes.

Net-Zero Goals and Emissions Strategy

In response to growing environmental concerns, SHEIN has made several public commitments to reduce its carbon footprint. The company plans to reduce its Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions by 25% by 2030, using 2023 levels as a starting point. It also aims to use only renewable electricity in its direct operations by the same year.

Longer-term, SHEIN has committed to achieving net-zero emissions across its value chain by 2050. These goals have been submitted to the Science-Based Targets initiative (SBTi) and were recently approved.

  • The path to net zero includes a 42% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions and a 25% reduction in Scope 3 emissions by 2030.
Shein emission reduction targets
Source: SHEIN

The company aims to reach its climate goals by:

  • Expanding renewable energy use
  • Improving energy efficiency at supplier sites
  • Reducing transportation emissions

In addition, SHEIN is preparing to rely less on air freight and more on rail and sea, which are less carbon-intensive. While these steps show progress, they will need to be scaled up to significantly lower the company’s total emissions in the coming years.

Supply‑Chain Initiatives and Efficiency Improvements

SHEIN has launched several projects aimed at cutting emissions across its supply chain:

  • Energy audits and efficiency upgrades at 28 supplier sites—cutting about 46,000 t CO₂e/year.
  • Encouraging rooftop solar at 31 factories, with 10 in progress—cutting around 12,140 t CO₂e.
  • Nearshoring to Turkey and Brazil reduced emissions by 314,805 t CO₂e, and cutting air transport saved another 49,578 t CO₂e.
  • Logistics partnerships using electric or hybrid vehicles, saving about 54,614 t CO₂e.

These actions are aimed at tackling Scope 3 emissions, which are harder to manage but represent the majority of SHEIN’s carbon output. By supporting its suppliers and improving logistics, the company is starting to take responsibility for its broader environmental impact. 

Criticism and Greenwashing Concerns

Despite its climate pledges, SHEIN has faced strong criticism from environmental groups and industry observers. The company has a key issue: its emissions are increasing more quickly than revenue. This shows that its business model doesn’t match its climate goals.

Critics also argue that SHEIN’s reliance on Scope 3 reductions, which are outside of its direct control, makes its net-zero targets difficult to achieve in practice.

There are also concerns about labor practices and the credibility of some of its sustainability claims. In 2024, SHEIN disclosed child labor violations found during supplier audits. Labor watchdogs still report bad working conditions and very long hours at some factories.

In Italy, regulators are looking into the company for possible greenwashing. This means they may have misled consumers about their environmental achievements. SHEIN got a low score of 2.5 out of 100 in a recent ranking by Stand.earth. The report noted that the company’s emissions increased by almost 50% in just one year.

Shein environmental ranking
Source: Stand.earth

These issues show that while SHEIN is making some progress, it still has a long way to go in proving that its climate promises are genuine and effective.

Can SHEIN Match Its Speed With Sustainability?

SHEIN’s efforts to reduce emissions and improve sustainability are a step in the right direction. The company is starting to work with suppliers, cut transportation emissions, and invest in cleaner energy. Getting its net-zero targets approved by SBTi adds credibility to its climate strategy.

However, the real test will be whether SHEIN can turn its goals into measurable reductions. Emissions continue to rise, which means the company must scale up its efforts quickly to stay on track. Expanding renewable energy, improving factory efficiency, and reducing overproduction will be key. 

Fast fashion, by nature, is resource-intensive. For SHEIN to become a leader in sustainability, it must go beyond statements and show that net-zero efforts can match the speed and scale of its business.

The post Can Fast Fashion Go Green? SHEIN’s Net-Zero Ambitions Under Scrutiny appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Harvard Says U.S. CBAM Could Deliver $200 Billion—and a Cleaner Future

us

The U.S. is moving closer to adopting a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)—a policy that could both strengthen domestic industry and reduce global pollution. CBAMs work by placing a fee on imported goods based on the carbon emissions released during their production. The goal is to create fair competition for U.S. manufacturers and stop companies from moving to countries with weaker climate rules.

Carbon Border Adjustment: A New Tool to Boost Industry and Cut Emissions

Unlike a traditional carbon tax, a CBAM is applied at the border. Specifically, it targets carbon-intensive imports such as aluminum, steel, cement, paper, and fertilizers.

  • According to Harvard Belfer Center’s new study titled “The Revenue Potential and Country Exposure of a U.S. Border Carbon Adjustment”, pairing this mechanism with a domestic carbon price could unlock up to $200 billion in revenue over five years.

However, this upper limit assumes no retaliation or trade adjustment from other countries—something experts say is unlikely. Still, even under conservative models, the numbers are promising.

Bipartisan Momentum Grows for U.S. CBAM

In recent months, interest in a U.S. CBAM has grown fast, especially after the European Union launched its own version in October 2023. The EU CBAM has already pushed countries like Brazil, Türkiye, and Indonesia to consider their carbon pricing policies, hoping to avoid losing export revenue to border fees. Now, the U.S. sees a chance to catch up—and capitalize.

Currently, several CBAM-related bills are circulating in Congress:

  • The Clean Competition Act (CCA), backed by Democrats

  • The Foreign Pollution Fee Act (FPFA), introduced by Republicans

  • The Market Choice Act (MCA), which combines carbon pricing with border adjustments

According to a new study from Harvard’s Belfer Center, the FPFA could raise as much as $198.1 billion over five years. Meanwhile, the CCA has a lower estimated revenue potential—between $3.2 billion and $85.5 billion—depending on its scope and the carbon price applied.

US cbam emissions
Source: Harvard Report: The Revenue Potential and Country Exposure of a U.S. Border Carbon Adjustment

Importantly, these projections do not yet account for changes in trade behavior, which could lower actual collections. Nonetheless, the outlook remains strong. In fact, support for CBAMs is bipartisan and widespread. Polls show that once voters understand the concept, around 75% support the policy, including in states reliant on heavy industry and fossil fuels.

Why a Carbon Border Fee Makes Economic Sense

The U.S. industrial sector contributes about a quarter of global CO₂ emissions. However, U.S. goods are on average 40% more carbon-efficient than those made elsewhere. This gives the U.S. a clear advantage in a world where emissions carry a cost.

For instance:

  • U.S. paper products are less carbon-intensive than 86% of imports

  • U.S. fertilizers are 79% cleaner

  • Aluminum: 80% cleaner than imports

  • Cement: 72% cleaner

  • Glass: 66% cleaner

  • Iron and steel: 60% cleaner

U.S. Carbon Intensity Relative to U.S. Imports

US carbon intensity CBAM
Source: Harvard Report, The Revenue Potential and Country Exposure of a U.S. Border Carbon Adjustment

Because of this advantage, a well-designed CBAM could boost U.S. competitiveness. By placing a fee on dirtier imports, the policy would create a fairer market and drive global demand for cleaner American goods. Analysts argue it could also reduce the U.S. trade deficit and promote clean manufacturing simultaneously.

In addition, a CBAM would prevent companies from offshoring production to nations with weaker environmental rules. This would curb the problem of carbon leakage.

Crucially, by targeting polluting imports from countries like China and Russia, the CBAM would reduce their unfair edge and encourage cleaner production globally.

Winners, Losers, and Global Trade Impact

The Belfer Center study also identifies the countries most exposed to a U.S. CBAM. Mexico, China, Brazil, and India top the list, due to their high export volumes and greater emissions intensity.

Canada, on the other hand, currently escapes most of the impact thanks to its carbon price of around $59 per ton in 2024.

However, this could change. In March 2025, Canada announced plans to remove the requirement for provinces to maintain consumer-facing carbon pricing. If Canada drops its domestic carbon price altogether, it would no longer be exempt from U.S. CBAM charges. In such a case, Canada could owe up to $2.7 billion annually under a $55/ton CBAM scenario, making it the hardest-hit exporter, even ahead of Mexico.

To assess trade exposure, the study groups countries into five categories:

  1. Fossil Fuel Heavyweights – Exporters with over $100 million in CBAM dues, where fossil fuels dominate

  2. Other Major Exporters – Non-fossil fuel countries with $ 100 M+ in CBAM payments

  3. Moderate Exposure – Countries owing between $10M and $100M

  4. Low Exposure – Countries owing under $10M

  5. Unaffected – Countries with strong carbon pricing and zero CBAM dues

More Revenue with a U.S. Carbon Price

Furthermore, the analysis strongly supports pairing a CBAM with a domestic carbon price. This combination would increase revenue by taxing U.S. emissions and help preserve America’s carbon efficiency advantage.

With low capital costs and innovation capacity, the U.S. is well-positioned to lead in clean tech. Several states, such as California and Washington, already have carbon pricing programs. The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) in the Northeast also covers power-sector emissions.

However, no national system is yet in place. Past efforts like the 2009 cap-and-trade bill and the 2019 Energy Innovation and Carbon Dividend Act failed to pass. But with rising global momentum and pressure from EU policies, the timing may now be right.

What’s Next for U.S. Carbon Border Policy?

Designing a successful CBAM requires answers to critical policy questions:

  • What sectors will be covered?

  • What benchmarks define carbon intensity?

  • Should least-developed countries be exempt?

  • Will foreign carbon pricing be credited?

Both the FPFA and CCA offer proposals. The FPFA, led by Senators Bill Cassidy and Lindsey Graham, simplifies the system by assigning products into emissions-based tiers. It also focuses on countering “unfair practices” from non-market economies like China.

The CCA, by contrast, is more aligned with the EU model and uses direct carbon intensity benchmarks.

Despite their differences, both bills share a key feature: they could generate more tariff revenue than all current U.S. import duties combined.

The Path Forward: Climate, Trade, and Competitiveness

The Joint Economic Committee believes that the U.S. is at a pivotal moment. And, a properly executed CBAM would help the U.S. capitalize on its clean manufacturing edge by:

  • Making domestic industries more competitive

  • Driving global demand for low-emission U.S. products

  • Strengthening international climate protections

  • Reinforcing supply chains with like-minded allies

  • Creating worldwide incentives for cleaner production

If done right, this policy will reduce carbon emissions, future-proof American manufacturing, and position clean U.S. goods as the global standard.

The post Harvard Says U.S. CBAM Could Deliver $200 Billion—and a Cleaner Future appeared first on Carbon Credits.

Copper Demand Set to Hit 37M Tonnes by 2050—Can Supply Keep Up?

copper

IEA recently released its Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025, where it revealed that refined copper demand rose 3.2% in 2024, up from 2.7% in 2023 and 1.1% in 2022.

Copper prices surged to nearly $10,800 per tonne early in 2024 before falling back. Price hikes came from supply disruptions like the Cobre Panama shutdown and lower output forecasts from Anglo American. Interestingly, rising demand from AI data centers is creating worries about future copper shortages. Experts are weighing in on the fact that copper supply won’t be able to keep up with the fast growth of digital infrastructure.

  • Global refined copper demand (excluding scrap) hit nearly 27 million tonnes in 2024 and is projected to grow to 33 million tonnes by 2035, reaching 37 million tonnes by 2050.

China accounted for almost 60% of demand in 2024, with the U.S. and Germany trailing behind. Early 2025 saw rising copper prices due to U.S. tariffs and a weaker dollar, but fears of a global slowdown and China’s retaliatory tariffs have weighed heavily on prices and demand outlooks.

Copper demand by region in the STEPS

copper demand
Source: IEA

More significantly, India, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia, driven by fast infrastructure and construction projects, contributed to the copper demand spike. On the contrary, Europe faced its second straight year of copper demand decline amid high inflation and energy costs.

AI and Data Centers Drive Copper Demand Surge

Data centers are becoming a major force behind rising copper demand. In the U.S. alone, new data center capacity is expected to grow by 50 gigawatts (GW) between 2023 and 2028. That’s five times the 10 GW added during 2017-2022.

This rapid growth means a huge need for copper in power systems, cooling, and connectivity. This is because the metal conducts electricity and heat well, lasts long, and is affordable. Each gigawatt of capacity typically uses about 5,500 tonnes of copper.

Estimates of copper use in these centers vary widely by as much as 10X. IEA says copper use in data centers could be between 250,000 and 550,000 tonnes by 2030. That could equal 1 to 2% of global copper demand—and possibly more if AI growth accelerates.

AI data center copper

Copper Mine Supply to Peak Soon, Then Decline Sharply

Global mined copper supply reached 22 million tonnes in 2024. Chile leads production, followed by the Democratic Republic of Congo and Peru.

  • Supply is set to peak in the late 2020s at just over 24 million tonnes before dropping below 19 million tonnes by 2035 due to falling ore grades and mine closures.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is expected to drive significant near-term growth. Major projects like Kamoa-Kakula and Tenke Fungurume could boost output from 900 kilotonnes (kt) in 2024 to over 1.3 million tonnes (Mt) by 2028.

IEA Copper

China’s Copper Smelting Boom Sparks Global Supply Crunch

In another report from Bloomberg, we discovered that China’s rapid growth in copper smelting is causing a global squeeze on copper concentrate supply. While China hits record refined output, smelters worldwide suffer losses as treatment charges drop below zero.

Major players like Chile’s Antofagasta are offering negative fees, forcing smelters to pay more for ore than they earn. Smaller smelters, especially outside China’s major buyer groups, face closures, while large, state-owned Chinese smelters stay afloat.

China copper
Source: Bloomberg

The report highlighted that excess smelting capacity is the real problem, not mining output. Spot treatment charges have plummeted to negative $60 per tonne, hitting smelters globally. Older European smelters are vulnerable, but Japanese smelters with mine ownership may survive longer. The fight to survive is intensifying as China expands its smelting dominance.

2035 Copper Deficit Forecast

Based on current and planned mining projects, the IEA forecasts that the world would face a 30% copper supply deficit by 2035 under the Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS). The gap widens to 35% under the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS), and over 40% in the Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Scenario.

Even in a high production outlook, supply falls short by 20%.

This shortfall begins in the late 2020s, mainly because copper ore grades are dropping. Since 1991, average ore grades have fallen by 40%. Advances like solvent extraction and electrowinning help process lower-grade ores but only partly make up for the decline.

How Will the Copper Industry Sustain Long-Term Demand Growth?

BHP predicts that recycled copper will be critical to meeting demand growth over the next 30 years. However, scrap availability limits recycled supply. The lifespan of copper in products varies widely, from months in consumer electronics to decades in construction, averaging about 20 years in use.

Copper
Source: BHP

Furthermore, copper reserves and production are concentrated in Latin America, Australia, and Africa. However, the challenge is: the industry must find ways to sustain volume growth amid resource depletion and rising costs.

Closing the Copper Supply Gap

This growing supply deficit highlights major risks to copper security. To meet demand, the industry must boost investment in new mines, improve material efficiency, find substitutes, and increase recycling efforts. Another concern is the lack of diverse copper refining options, which could threaten supply stability.

In short, tackling copper’s supply challenges will require a strong, multiple approach to avoid shortages as demand surges.

The post Copper Demand Set to Hit 37M Tonnes by 2050—Can Supply Keep Up? appeared first on Carbon Credits.