Citi Hits $647B Sustainable Finance Milestone, Sets New 2030 Climate Goals

Citi Hits $647B Sustainable Finance Milestone, Sets New 2030 Climate Goals

Citigroup has committed an estimated $647.2 billion to sustainable finance since 2020, putting the bank more than halfway toward its $1 trillion goal by 2030.

Citi reported the milestone in its latest 2025 Sustainability Report, released in July 2026. The bank also set new targets to cut its own operational emissions and energy use through 2030 after exceeding several of its previous climate goals.

Citi committed $91.3 billion to sustainable finance in 2025 alone. Of that amount, 62% went to international markets outside North America, while 38% went to North America.

The latest numbers show how banks are becoming a major source of capital for the energy transition. They also highlight a key difference between financing climate projects and cutting the bank’s own emissions.

Citi Crosses the $647 Billion Mark

Citi launched its $1 trillion Sustainable Finance Goal in 2021. The target covers both environmental and social finance, so the full amount does not represent spending on climate projects alone.

  • By the end of 2025, Citi had financed and facilitated an estimated $647.2 billion toward the goal. That equals about 65% of the $1 trillion target.
Citibank sustainable finance 2030
Source: Citigroup

The bank added $91.3 billion in 2025. Banking contributed $67.5 billion, while Investment Banking accounted for $65.7 billion in eligible activity. Renewable energy and sustainable transportation were among the largest environmental categories.

The company estimates that financing since 2020 has helped avoid around 8.8 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions. It has also supported over 4.4 million jobs and reached nearly 67 million people.

Citi says it uses a conservative approach to estimate these impacts and only includes transactions where it has suitable methods and data. Those impact figures are estimated outcomes linked to financing, not direct reductions in Citi’s own corporate emissions.

Citi’s Climate Capital Goes Global

Citi’s sustainable finance activity is also becoming more international. Of the $91.3 billion committed in 2025, about $56.6 billion, or 62%, supported projects outside North America. North American projects received $34.7 billion, or 38%.

Citi $1T sustainable finance goal
Source: Citigroup

Looking at the full program since 2020, international markets received $363.8 billion, or 56% of total commitments. North America accounted for $283.3 billion, or 44%.

This mix is important because many emerging markets need private capital to grow. They want to expand clean energy, improve infrastructure, and boost climate resilience.

For Citi, it also creates a bigger opportunity to finance projects in markets where energy demand and investment needs are growing quickly.

Citi Exceeded Its 2025 Emissions Goal

Citi also reported strong progress in its own operations. The bank had set a 2025 goal to cut location-based Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions by 45% from its 2010 baseline. It achieved a 58% reduction instead.

The major financier noted in its report:

“At the end of 2025, we closed out our fourth generation of goals, which have helped drive performance improvements related to GHG emissions, energy, water, waste, and sustainable building design.”

Citi’s total location-based Scope 1 and 2 emissions stood at 370,030 metric tons of CO2e in 2025, about 3.8% lower than in 2024. Scope 1 emissions accounted for 50,790 tonnes, while location-based Scope 2 emissions totaled 319,240 tonnes.

Citibank GHG emissions 2025

The bank also achieved its energy goal. It cut total energy consumption by 43% from the 2010 baseline, beating its earlier target of 40%. Citi also maintained 100% renewable electricity sourcing in 2025.

These results show progress in the areas Citi can control directly, such as its buildings, electricity use and other operating activities.

New 2030 Goals Raise the Bar

After exceeding its previous targets, Citi has set a new set of operational goals for 2030. The bank plans to cut location-based emissions by another 15% from its 2025 baseline. It also aims to reduce energy consumption by 10% from the same baseline.

Citi says the new goals use revised boundaries and baselines, so the comparison does not simply extend the older 2010 targets.

The bank will focus on areas such as energy efficiency, facility upgrades, and onsite renewable generation. Citi installed onsite renewable systems at 17 locations during its previous goals. It also added batteries at some sites to store extra renewable power.

The new targets support Citi’s broader commitment to reach net-zero emissions from its own operations by 2030.

Carbon Credits Do Not Count Toward the Goal

The major bank also reports carbon credit purchases, but it keeps them separate from its operational emissions target.

The bank reported 50,790 metric tons of carbon credits for 2025. This includes projects like nature-based solutions, energy efficiency, and methane destruction. Those credits did not count toward Citi’s operational emissions goals.

Citibank carbon credits
Source: Citigroup

That distinction is important. Citi has said its operations target focuses on reducing its own Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions rather than relying on offsets. Its net-zero commitment covers its global operations by 2030, while its financing-related emissions target extends to 2050.

This approach separates direct emissions cuts from voluntary carbon market activity. This is important for carbon markets. Companies must show that carbon credits lead to real emissions cuts, not just replace them.

The Bigger Challenge Is Citi’s Financed Emissions

For a major bank, its biggest climate impact does not come from its offices. It comes from the businesses and projects it finances.

Citi committed to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions associated with its financing by 2050. Since 2021, it has established 2030 interim emissions reduction targets for 10 sectors in its portfolio, including some of the most carbon-intensive parts of the economy.

These areas include sectors such as energy, power, steel, and other carbon-intensive industries. This creates a harder challenge than cutting electricity use in offices.

Citi can control its own facilities directly. It has much less direct control over the emissions produced by companies and projects that receive its financing.

The bank therefore uses client engagement, emissions data, and transition plans as part of its net-zero strategy.

Sustainable Finance Is Not the Same as Green Finance

Citi’s $647 billion figure needs some context. The bank’s $1 trillion goal includes both environmental and social finance. Eligible areas range from renewable energy and clean technology to affordable housing, health care, education and food security.

That means the full $647.2 billion cannot be described as climate finance. It is also important to distinguish financing activity from actual investment.

Citi says the goal can include transactions it has financed or facilitated, and a transaction may qualify under more than one environmental or social category but counts only once toward the overall goal.

Citi’s Two-Front Climate Fight

Citi’s latest report shows progress on two different fronts. The bank has reached $647.2 billion toward its $1 trillion sustainable finance goal, leaving about $352.8 billion to reach the target by 2030.

It also reduced location-based operational emissions by 58% from 2010 levels and energy use by 43%. At the same time, it maintained 100% renewable electricity sourcing.

Now Citi wants another 15% cut in location-based emissions and a 10% reduction in energy use by 2030 from its 2025 baseline.

The harder test will remain financed emissions. Citi’s role as a global lender means its climate impact depends heavily on where it directs capital and how quickly its clients cut emissions.

As the bank moves toward its $1 trillion sustainable finance goal and its 2050 net-zero financing commitment, the key measure will be how much money Citi labels as sustainable and whether that capital helps deliver measurable emissions cuts across the wider economy.

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Why Copper Could Be One of the Biggest Commodity Bets of the AI Era

Copper has become one of the hottest commodities of 2026, and the rally may have more staying power than a typical commodity cycle.

A recent Bloomberg report revealed that the metal has climbed about 15% since the beginning of the year and recently traded above $14,300 a metric ton on the London Metal Exchange, close to its record high of $14,527.50 reached earlier this year. The rally has been supported by strong demand, limited mine growth and growing concerns about where future supplies will come from.

LME copper

However, the price surge is not simply an AI trade.

Copper is fundamental to the global economy because it moves electricity through power grids, buildings, factories, electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. Artificial intelligence is adding another fast-growing source of demand, but its bigger significance is that it highlights just how much new electricity infrastructure the world will need.

That could keep copper in the spotlight well beyond the current price cycle.

Copper Demand Is Heading Higher: 

In a separate analysis, S&P Global expects global copper demand to rise from about 28 million metric tons in 2025 to 42 million tons by 2040, representing a 50% increase. The growth will come from several directions.

Traditional economic activity remains the largest source of copper consumption, particularly as developing economies urbanize, incomes rise and electricity use increases. At the same time, electric vehicles, renewable power, grid expansion and industrial investment are adding new demand.

Data centers are becoming another important contributor.

The distinction matters because AI is unlikely to account for most of the world’s future copper consumption. Instead, it is adding demand to an already expanding market. The resulting pressure grows when combined with the long lead times required to develop new mines.

  • S&P Global estimates that the copper market could face a supply shortfall of about 10 million metric tons a year by 2040, equivalent to nearly 24% of projected demand. This gap underpins the longer-term copper investment story.

AI Is Creating a New Copper Demand Cycle

The rapid construction of AI data centers is making copper’s role even more important. AI systems require enormous computing capacity, and that capacity requires electricity. Data centers consequently need extensive electrical infrastructure, including power distribution equipment, cooling systems, cabling, and connections to the wider grid.

S&P Global estimates that data centers consumed around 1.1 million metric tons of copper in 2025. By 2040, that figure could reach 2.5 million tons a year, more than doubling over the period. Depending on how quickly data centers expand and how much copper their designs require, the research firm places the 2040 range between 1.7 million and 2.7 million tons.

The numbers become more striking when measured against individual facilities.

S&P Global estimates that data centers can require roughly 30 to 40 metric tons of copper per megawatt of capacity, with some AI-focused facilities using even more. That means a 100 MW AI data center could require several thousand tons of copper before accounting for the broader infrastructure needed to supply its electricity.

This is why the AI story extends well beyond the server room.

A new data center can require new substations, transformers, transmission lines and generation capacity. If renewable energy is used to supply that electricity, additional copper is needed across the generation and grid infrastructure.

In effect, AI can create copper demand twice: inside the data center and across the power system supporting it.

The Supply Side Is the Bigger Problem

Demand growth would be manageable if miners could respond quickly. Copper, however, is not a commodity that can simply be produced more quickly when prices rise. New mines can take many years to permit, finance and build. Existing operations also face declining ore grades, aging infrastructure and geopolitical risks.

Analysts expect mined copper production to increase in the near term before declining later in the next decade. Without substantial new projects and expansions, the industry will struggle to keep pace with consumption. Even recycling, to become increasingly important, is unlikely to close the entire gap.

That creates an unusual setup for a commodity market.

Copper prices are already high enough to encourage investment in new supply, yet the response from mining companies cannot happen overnight. If demand continues to rise faster than available production, prices may need to remain elevated for long enough to justify the enormous capital required to develop new mines.

Copper Demand and Mining Requirements: IEA Analysis 

Why Copper Prices Are Already So High

The current rally also reflects more immediate market forces.

Copper has been pulled higher by concerns over future U.S. tariffs, which have encouraged traders to move metal into the United States ahead of potential restrictions. That has tightened availability elsewhere even though the global market was previously expected to remain in surplus this year. Reuters reported that LME copper reached $14,343 a ton in August as inventories outside the U.S. became tighter.

This distinction is important for investors.

Today’s price does not necessarily mean the world is already experiencing a structural 10-million-ton shortage. Some of the recent rally reflects inventory movements, trade policy and expectations about future supply.

Nevertheless, those short-term factors are occurring against a much more bullish long-term backdrop.

If mine production struggles to keep pace with electrification, grid investment and data center construction, the market could remain structurally tight even after today’s tariff-related distortions disappear.

How Investors Can Play the Copper Story

The investment case goes beyond simply buying copper. Bloomberg recently examined several ways investors can gain exposure to the theme, including copper futures, mining companies and businesses that supply the infrastructure required by electrification and data center expansion.

The most direct route is a copper-linked fund such as the United States Copper Index Fund, or CPER, which invests in copper futures. However, futures-based products can experience differences between their returns and the spot price because contracts have to be rolled as they expire.

copper futures

Copper miners offer another approach, but with greater company-specific risk. Higher copper prices can improve miners’ margins, yet investors also face operational problems, geopolitical exposure, permitting risks and rising development costs.

There is also a broader infrastructure opportunity.

Companies supplying electrical equipment, grid technology, cooling systems and data center infrastructure can benefit from the same investment cycle without relying entirely on copper prices. That makes the infrastructure angle potentially more diversified than simply betting on a higher metal price.

Copper’s Bigger Story Is Electrification

AI may be the newest reason to watch copper, but it is not the only one. The world is building more electric vehicles, renewable energy projects, factories, homes and data centers while upgrading power networks that were designed for a very different electricity system. All of those trends compete for the same finite supply of a highly conductive metal.

That is why the copper market could remain tight even if the AI boom eventually slows. S&P Global’s forecast captures the scale of the challenge: demand could rise 50% by 2040 while supply struggles to keep pace, leaving a potential 10-million-ton annual shortfall.

For investors, the opportunity is therefore less about predicting whether AI will create the next copper supercycle and more about recognizing the infrastructure investment required to support an increasingly electrified economy.

AI is accelerating that investment. And copper is what helps make it possible.

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China’s Data Center Power Demand Could Quadruple by 2030 as AI Boom Accelerates

China’s Data Center Power Demand Could Quadruple by 2030 as AI Boom Accelerates

China’s data centers could quadruple their electricity use to 774 terawatt-hours (TWh) by 2030, as artificial intelligence (AI) drives a rapid increase in computing demand.

The forecast comes from Wood Mackenzie’s “Rewiring China’s Grid for the AI Era” report. It says data centers could account for 6% of China’s total electricity use by 2030, up from about 2% today. Their share could rise to 17% by 2060.

China’s government sees a similar trend. The National Energy Administration (NEA) says computing facilities used about 170 billion kilowatt-hours, or 170 TWh, in 2025, equal to 1.6% of national electricity use. The NEA expects computing power demand to reach about 800 TWh by 2030, or around 6% of national electricity use.

The small difference between the 774 TWh Wood Mackenzie estimate and the NEA’s 800 TWh forecast reflects different definitions and methods for measuring data center and computing electricity use. Yet, both point to the same sharp rise in demand.

AI Turns Computing Into a Power-Hungry Business

AI is the main force behind the expected increase. Wood Mackenzie says AI training needs more energy-intensive computing systems. At the same time, AI inference is creating a steady stream of electricity demand as businesses and consumers use AI services more often.

The NEA reported that China’s computing facilities increased their electricity use by about 30% in 2025. Electricity use at the eight national computing hubs has jumped by 39.5% each year over the last three years. This growth is much quicker than the overall electricity demand in the country.

This fast growth is changing power planning. Data centers need reliable electricity around the clock. AI workloads can also create large and concentrated power loads. That means China needs to plan computing capacity and electricity supply together.

Data Centers Are Coming for 6% of China’s Power

China data center AI power demand 2030
Source: Wood Mackenzie

Wood Mackenzie expects data centers to account for 6% of China’s total power consumption by 2030. By 2060, that share could reach 17%. The figures show how quickly computing could become a major part of China’s energy system.

China’s government is already preparing for this shift. The country’s 15th Five-Year Plan calls for coordinated development of computing infrastructure and green electricity.

china 15th year plan
Source: greenfdc.com

The government also wants stronger links between computing demand and the power system. Recent policies encourage direct renewable power supply for computing facilities and better use of flexible computing loads. This could help China meet AI demand without relying solely on new fossil-fuel generation.

The New Rule: Compute Follows the Power

Data centers have traditionally followed customers. They often cluster around large cities and technology centers where businesses, workers, and network connections are available.

AI could change that model.

Wood Mackenzie expects more “compute follows power” development, especially for workloads that do not need instant results. Western China has large renewable energy resources and available land. That makes the region attractive for energy-intensive AI training, batch processing, and data storage.

Eastern cities will still matter for applications that need fast connections. These include AI inference and financial services. This could create a split between eastern computing centers and western regions with greater power availability.

Wood Mackenzie expects China’s eight national computing hubs to remain the main centers of data center capacity through 2060. The hubs could account for more than 70% of total capacity.

Can Clean Power Keep AI’s Carbon Footprint in Check?

More electricity demand does not automatically mean equal growth in emissions. The key factor is the source of the power.

Wood Mackenzie expects data center carbon emissions in China to peak by 2035 as renewable power expands and green power requirements become stricter.

China already has a huge renewable energy base. By June 2026, the country had over 4 billion kilowatts in total power generation capacity. This included more than 2.4 billion kilowatts from renewable sources, as reported by the NEA.

The world’s largest emitter is also expanding its green-power market. In July 2026, the NEA issued 306 million green electricity certificates, or green certificates, covering renewable energy projects. The country traded 54.68 million certificates during the month.

These systems can help data center operators use and track renewable electricity.

China Wants Computing and Power to Work Together

China is also testing ways to make data centers more flexible for power users. Wood Mackenzie says the following could allow some data centers to shift electricity use to periods when renewable power is plentiful, or prices are lower:

  • Battery storage,
  • Smarter power systems, and
  • Intelligent workload scheduling

The NEA is pushing a similar idea. Government guidance calls for data centers in western regions to connect their development with large renewable energy projects. In eastern regions, the government wants closer links between distributed computing, distributed power, microgrids and virtual power plants.

China has also introduced rules for multi-user direct green power connections. The policy prioritizes computing facilities and other new industries. It requires participating projects to use storage and flexible loads to improve the local use of renewable power.

These steps could help data centers become more active participants in the power market instead of simply adding demand.

Grid Investment Will Be Critical

The scale of growth will require more than data centers and renewable projects. China will also need stronger transmission networks, energy storage, and grid control.

The NEA expects computing electricity use to add more than 100 billion kWh each year on average during the 2026–2030 period. By 2030, it expects computing facilities to consume about 800 billion kWh.

China fossil fuel energy use 2030
Source: greenfdc.com

This growth comes as China’s wider electricity demand continues to rise from electric vehicles, industrial activity, and other new loads. That makes the location of new data centers increasingly important.

Building an AI facility where power is scarce can require expensive new grid investments. Building it near renewable generation may lower some of those costs, but operators still need reliable connections and high-quality power.

Carbon Markets Could Benefit from the Shift

China’s AI power boom could also create opportunities for the carbon market. Growing electricity demand can increase emissions when fossil fuels provide the extra power. Renewable energy, storage, and efficiency can reduce that carbon impact.

This could support demand for projects involving renewable power, energy storage, grid efficiency, and other emissions-reduction measures.

China data center power demand 2030

However, higher renewable power use does not automatically create carbon credits. Projects must meet the rules of the relevant carbon market and prove that they deliver eligible emissions reductions.

China already operates a national emissions trading system covering major power-sector emitters. As power demand from computing grows, stronger carbon pricing and emissions tracking could become more important.

AI Could Reshape China’s Energy System

Wood Mackenzie’s 774 TWh forecast shows the scale of China’s AI power challenge. China’s own forecast is close, with the NEA expecting computing electricity demand to reach 800 TWh by 2030.

With these estimates, the message is clear: AI is becoming a major part of China’s energy system. The country is responding by linking data center planning with renewable power, storage, and grid development.

For carbon markets and the clean energy industry, this creates both a challenge and an opportunity. The faster AI demand grows, the more important clean electricity and flexible power systems will become in keeping that growth from driving a matching rise in emissions.

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Philips Breaks New Ground With Healthcare Industry’s First EU Green Bond

Royal Philips has entered the European green bond market with a €650 million issuance that marks a significant step for sustainable finance in the healthcare industry.

The health technology company has priced fixed-rate notes due in 2034 under its European Medium Term Note program. More importantly, Philips says the issuance is the first green bond from the healthcare industry to be issued under the European Union’s European Green Bond Standard, or EuGB.

The move gives Philips access to green financing while setting a higher bar for how healthcare companies can connect debt financing with measurable environmental objectives.

A New Standard for Green Financing

The European Green Bond Standard was created by the European Union to strengthen credibility and reduce greenwashing in the rapidly expanding sustainable finance market.

Unlike conventional green bonds, an EuGB must meet specific requirements linked to the EU Taxonomy. The framework requires issuers to direct bond proceeds toward economic activities that meet defined environmental criteria. It also introduces detailed disclosure requirements and external review.

The standard is voluntary, but it is designed to provide investors with a more consistent way to assess whether green bonds are actually financing environmentally sustainable activities. The European Commission describes the framework as a “gold standard” for green bonds.

The regulatory framework has also continued to develop. In 2025 and 2026, the EU introduced additional rules covering external reviewers, reporting templates and other implementation requirements, strengthening the infrastructure around the EuGB market.

For Philips, issuing under the standard therefore represents more than a green label. It places the company’s financing plans within one of Europe’s most closely defined sustainable finance frameworks.

Where Philips Will Put the Money

The press release revealed that the company plans to use an amount equivalent to the gross proceeds to finance economic activities aligned with the EU Taxonomy.

  • Its green bond framework focuses heavily on the circular economy and on reducing the environmental impact of healthcare products and operations.
  • It includes supporting the design of more energy-efficient products, increasing the use of circular practices, and working with customers to reduce emissions generated during the use of Philips equipment.

philips green bond S

This approach is particularly relevant to healthcare because medical equipment can remain in service for many years. Energy consumption, materials, maintenance and end-of-life treatment can therefore influence a product’s environmental footprint long after it leaves the factory.

Philips has been incorporating these considerations into its product development strategy through its EcoDesign approach. The company says its product design work focuses on areas including energy efficiency, packaging, materials and circularity.

The green bond can help bring that strategy closer to the company’s capital allocation decisions.

The Financing Fits Philips’ Broader Climate Strategy

The bond comes as Philips begins implementing its new 2030 Impact Ambitions.

The company aims to reduce its absolute environmental impact across its value chain while moving toward net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045. Its 2030 targets include a 90% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions from a 2015 baseline and a 42% reduction in Scope 3 emissions from a 2020 baseline.

The focus on Scope 3 is particularly important.

philips emissions net zero

For a health technology company, a large share of emissions can sit outside its direct operations. Purchased materials, transportation, distribution and the energy consumed by products during their use can all contribute to the overall footprint.

Philips’ climate reporting shows that use of sold products is a major part of its value-chain emissions profile. That makes product efficiency and collaboration with healthcare customers important components of its longer-term decarbonization strategy.

The company has also said it has maintained carbon-neutral operations since 2020 while working to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and increase renewable energy use across its sites.

The new green bond therefore connects financing with an existing transition strategy rather than creating a standalone sustainability initiative.

Strong Investor Backing Could Boost EU Green Bond Market

Investor demand for the issuance was another notable feature. The 2034 notes carry a 4% coupon and were priced at 99.655%, producing a yield of 4.055%. The transaction was 2.7 times oversubscribed, indicating demand for the offering exceeded the amount Philips planned to issue.

The demand is significant because the EuGB market is still developing. A large order book for a healthcare issuer using the new standard could help demonstrate that investors are willing to support bonds with stricter environmental requirements.

For companies, this could eventually make credible green financing a more attractive way to fund capital-intensive sustainability investments.

Philips also said the transaction is not expected to increase net debt. Gross debt will temporarily rise before the company’s 2027 bond maturity is repaid. The notes are scheduled to settle on August 28, 2026, with an application made for listing on the regulated market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.

Why Healthcare Matters

The issuance comes at a time when healthcare systems face pressure to improve patient outcomes while managing rising costs, resource consumption and climate risks. Healthcare itself has a substantial environmental footprint. Hospitals consume large amounts of electricity and materials, while medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, transportation and supply chains add further emissions.

That creates an opportunity for health technology companies to reduce emissions not only within their own facilities but also through the products they sell. Philips has positioned energy-efficient and circular products as part of that opportunity. The company says its sustainability strategy is designed to help healthcare customers lower environmental impacts while improving efficiency and maintaining quality of care.

Green financing could reinforce this model by directing capital toward technologies and product development that support those goals.

A Potential Blueprint for Other Companies

The bigger significance of the transaction may extend beyond Philips.

The EU green bond framework is designed to make sustainable debt easier for investors to compare and assess. Its taxonomy requirements, transparency rules and external-review provisions aim to reduce uncertainty around what qualifies as genuinely green investment.

Philips’ transaction demonstrates how the framework can be applied to an industry where environmental benefits are not limited to renewable energy or clean infrastructure. Healthcare companies can also use green finance to support energy efficiency, circular economy models, sustainable product design and lower-carbon supply chains.

That could broaden the role of green bonds as companies across traditionally hard-to-decarbonize sectors look for financing mechanisms that support their transition plans.

For Philips, the €650 million bond provides capital for its sustainability strategy while giving investors exposure to a new category of EU-regulated green debt.

As the European green bond market develops, the transaction could become an important reference point for how healthcare companies use sustainable finance to connect climate commitments with real-world investment.

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ClimeCo and Marsoft Launch First-of-Its-Kind Gold Standard Shipping Carbon Credit Project

Shipping carbon credits

The shipping industry is working on decarbonization, but progress is slow. New fuels and zero-emission vessels are still being developed. Meanwhile, improving existing ships’ efficiency can lead to immediate emissions cuts.

This is where shipping carbon credits come in.

ClimeCo and Marsoft Global Carbon Solutions (MS-GCS) have launched the first carbon credits from the Marsoft GreenScreen project under the Gold Standard. This project allows shipowners to turn verified emissions reductions from energy-efficiency upgrades into carbon credits for the voluntary carbon market.

This model gives shipowners a new revenue stream while helping finance technologies that cut fuel use and CO2 emissions.

Why Shipping Needs Faster Decarbonization

Shipping accounts for most global trade by volume, making it hard to replace with other transport modes. However, this also creates major emissions challenges. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that shipping produced about 1.06 billion tonnes of CO2 in 2018, roughly 2.9% of global human-caused CO2 emissions. International shipping alone was responsible for around 740 million tonnes.

Despite efficiency improvements, emissions remain high.

The IMO’s 2023 greenhouse gas strategy aims for international shipping to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. It also sets interim goals: cutting annual emissions by at least 20% by 2030 and at least 70% by 2040, compared to 2008 levels. These targets push shipowners to invest in efficiency now, even as cleaner fuels and technologies are developed.

maritime shipping emission
Source: OECD

Marsoft GreenScreen Brings Carbon Finance to Ship Efficiency

GreenScreen targets this immediate opportunity. The program helps shipowners measure fuel and emissions savings from vessel retrofits. These upgrades can enhance hydrodynamics, propulsion efficiency, and overall vessel performance.

  • According to MS-GCS, over 350 ships have joined the program, including bulk carriers and chemical tankers. Together, they are expected to save more than 2.3 million tonnes of CO2 emissions during their next docking.
  • The program has also analyzed over 200 ship-years of operational data, giving Marsoft valuable performance insights.

After identifying emissions reductions, the GreenScreen model converts these into Gold Standard carbon credits. ClimeCo and MS-GCS manage credit issuance, while ClimeCo handles commercialization in the voluntary carbon market.

This links ship efficiency to carbon markets. Instead of viewing a retrofit as a cost, shipowners can potentially earn revenue from emissions reductions.

marsoft greenscreen
Source: Marsoft

Arlie Sterling, President of Marsoft, said:

This is the first issuance of shipping carbon credits using the latest methodology we developed in collaboration with the MIT Sea Grant Design Laboratory, marking a significant milestone for the industry. This issuance, together with others already underway, will deliver funding to accelerate the pace of retrofitting and decarbonization.”

How Shipping Carbon Credits Work

The concept is simple. First, GreenScreen evaluates vessel data to estimate fuel and emissions savings from a retrofit. It uses existing data from shipowners, so no new data collection is needed. Next, emissions reductions are measured and verified using the appropriate carbon-credit methodology.

Gold Standard has a specific method for quantifying emissions reductions from energy-efficiency retrofits in shipping. This aligns with Gold Standard requirements for generating carbon credits.

Once verified, credits can be issued.

shipping carbon credits
Source: Marsoft
  • Each credit represents one tonne of reduced or removed greenhouse gas emissions, following the relevant methodology and verification steps.

ClimeCo then connects those credits to buyers in the voluntary carbon market. This is crucial because carbon markets can incentivize emission-cutting projects that might struggle to find funding.

ClimeCo Adds Carbon Market Expertise

Erika Schiller, Chief Development Officer at ClimeCo, also noted,

“We’re proud to partner with Marsoft to bring our carbon market expertise to the registration and issuance of these high-quality, third-party verified credits. Together, we’re supporting shipowners in obtaining funding for more advanced retrofits and helping them navigate the voluntary carbon market with confidence.”

ClimeCo brings over a decade of experience in carbon project development and environmental markets to this partnership.

Founded in 2009, the company started with industrial emissions-reduction projects and expanded into carbon project development, environmental commodities, and sustainability consulting. ClimeCo reports that its projects have reduced, avoided, or removed over 50 million tonnes of CO2e since 2009.

This experience is vital for GreenScreen, as shipping retrofits require credible emissions accounting, verification, and access to buyers.

ClimeCo goes beyond selling credits. Its carbon project business focuses on establishing baselines, measuring emissions reductions, and applying methodologies to create credible environmental assets. This expertise could further help GreenScreen grow as more shipowners seek ways to finance efficiency upgrades.

Can Carbon Credits Accelerate Shipping Retrofits?

The shipping industry faces a capital problem as much as a technology one.

Shipowners can invest in efficiency upgrades today, but financial benefits depend on fuel savings and operating conditions. Carbon revenue can provide an additional income stream.

However, carbon credits won’t replace direct emissions reductions. GreenScreen connects the two. Ships first reduce emissions, and then the verified reductions create carbon market value.

This connection is crucial as carbon markets face scrutiny over additionality, measurement, and credibility. High-quality shipping credits need strong monitoring and verification to ensure claimed reductions are real and linked to the retrofit.

GreenScreen’s use of a Gold Standard methodology provides a trusted framework for measuring these reductions.

A New Market for Maritime Decarbonization

Shipping carbon credits are still emerging, but GreenScreen shows how the voluntary carbon market can support decarbonization in a hard-to-abate sector. The industry needs cleaner fuels, new vessel designs, and maybe zero-emission propulsion to hit long-term climate goals. These solutions will require time and investment.

Energy-efficiency retrofits can deliver reductions much sooner.

By turning verified reductions into marketable carbon credits, GreenScreen connects today’s shipping fleet with tomorrow’s low-carbon vessels. Shipowners can cut fuel use and fund retrofits, while carbon buyers gain access to credits linked to measurable shipping emissions cuts.

As the IMO pushes for deeper emissions cuts, it’s essential to find ways to raise funds for rapid efficiency improvements. This will be key in the shipping decarbonization toolkit.

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Tesla’s Cybercab, Robotaxi Push and Solar Pivot Point to a Broader Clean Energy Play

Tesla's Cybercab, Robotaxi Push and Solar Pivot Point to a Broader Clean Energy Play

Tesla is moving deeper into autonomous transport and energy as it prepares to launch its purpose-built Cybercab robotaxi and rebuild its residential solar business around batteries.

Three recent developments show the shift. Tesla is preparing to launch the Cybercab in Austin; Nevada regulators have approved a limited 10-vehicle robotaxi operation, and the company is reshaping its solar business around its Powerwall 3 home battery.

For the clean energy market, the story goes beyond electric cars. Tesla is increasingly combining electric mobility, solar power, and energy storage into a single business model.

Cybercab Moves Closer to Commercial Launch

Tesla appears to be nearing the launch of its Cybercab, a purpose-built electric vehicle designed for autonomous ride-hailing. The EV giant plans to launch the Cybercab in Austin, Texas, on September 3. The company has already tested Cybercabs on public roads and begun preparing for the rollout.

The Cybercab differs from Tesla’s current robotaxi vehicles because it was designed specifically for autonomous operation. That could make it more important to Tesla’s long-term strategy than simply adding self-driving software to existing vehicles.

Tesla has already identified the Cybercab as part of its future autonomous mobility business. The company’s latest annual filing states it is developing a purpose-built Robotaxi. This effort aims to expand its autonomous driving capabilities.

The company reported almost 2.5 million cumulative paid robotaxi miles driven as of June 2026.  If Tesla scales the service, electric robotaxis could lower emissions per passenger trip. This is especially true when they use cleaner electricity, compared to traditional gasoline cars.

Tesla robotaxi plans
Source: Tesla

The climate impact will depend on a few factors. It hinges on how much the vehicles are driven, the electricity used for charging, and whether autonomous ride-hailing replaces private car trips or creates more trips.

Nevada Gives Tesla a 10-Car Autonomous Test

Tesla has also gained regulatory progress in Nevada, although the initial approval is far smaller than the company wanted. Nevada regulators approved Tesla to operate 10 robotaxis in a limited area. The company had sought approval for as many as 5,000 vehicles in Clark County.

The permit limits the initial operation to a defined geographic area. That makes the approval more of a test than a full commercial rollout.

Still, regulatory approval gives Tesla another market in which to test its autonomous technology. The company will need to show that its vehicles can operate safely and reliably before regulators are likely to allow a much larger fleet.

For Tesla, that scale-up matters. A successful robotaxi network could turn electric vehicles from products that consumers buy into a mobility service that generates recurring revenue.

Tesla Puts Solar on a New Battery-First Track

Tesla’s other major shift is happening in solar. Its residential solar business has declined for years since Tesla absorbed SolarCity in 2016.

Electrek reports that Tesla is now trying to rebuild the business around its own solar panels and Powerwall 3, while moving away from the Solar Roof product.

Tesla’s Solar Roof never reached large-scale adoption. Electrek says the company installed about 3,000 Solar Roofs in the U.S. by the end of 2022. This is around 0.17% of all residential solar setups that year.

The new strategy puts more focus on conventional solar panels paired with batteries. That fits Tesla’s wider energy business because customers can generate electricity during the day, store it, and use it later.

Tesla says Powerwall can store solar energy for use at night or during power outages. The model could also help households reduce their reliance on grid electricity and increase their use of renewable power.

Batteries Emerge as Tesla’s Energy Star

While residential solar has struggled, Tesla’s energy storage business has grown much faster.

Tesla’s 2025 annual report shows that energy generation and storage revenue rose 27% to $12.77 billion in 2025. Energy storage deployments reached 46.7 GWh, up from 31.4 GWh in 2024.

The business also became more profitable. Tesla reported $3.80 billion in gross profit from energy generation and storage in 2025, compared with $2.64 billion in 2024. Its gross margin rose from 26.2% to 29.8%.

Tesla energy storage business growth 2026

That makes energy storage an increasingly important part of Tesla’s business. The company is expanding beyond household batteries with Megapack, its utility-scale battery system.

The EV maker says more than 77 GWh of Megapack capacity is operational globally, with projects operating in more than 65 countries.

Megapack can store electricity when renewable generation is high and release it when demand rises. This helps grids use more solar and wind power without relying as heavily on fossil-fuel plants during periods of peak demand.

From Robotaxis to Powerwalls: Tesla’s Bigger Energy Play

These three developments may look unrelated, but they point toward a common strategy.

  • Cybercab targets electric transportation. Solar produces renewable electricity. Powerwall and Megapack store that electricity.

Together, they create a broader clean energy ecosystem.

Tesla’s own filings describe energy storage as a way to improve the use of existing generation and transmission capacity. The company also says its storage products can support grids as electricity demand rises.

That becomes especially relevant as electricity demand grows from electric vehicles, data centers, and industrial electrification. Large batteries can help shift electricity from periods of high renewable generation to periods when demand is higher.

For carbon markets, this matters because greater renewable generation and storage can help reduce fossil fuel use in power systems. Yet, battery deployment itself does not automatically create carbon credits. The emissions benefit depends on the electricity sources the batteries charge from and the grid services they provide.

Tesla Stock Slips as Investors Watch the Transition 

Tesla shares were down on August 26 from the previous session. The TSLA stock was around $345.62 in overnight trading early on August 27. The modest decline came even as Tesla moved forward with its robotaxi plans and energy strategy.

Tesla TSLA stock price

Investors continue to weigh the firm’s large spending on autonomous driving and AI against the growth of its energy business and the potential for new revenue from robotaxis.

Tesla’s stock remains highly sensitive to expectations around autonomous vehicles, rather than only its traditional car business.

The Bigger Clean Energy Story

Tesla’s latest moves show a company trying to expand beyond selling electric cars. The Cybercab could turn electric vehicles into an autonomous transport service. The Nevada permit gives Tesla a small but important regulatory test.

Meanwhile, the solar business is shifting toward a simpler solar-plus-battery model, while energy storage is already producing billions of dollars in annual revenue.

If Tesla can continue scaling batteries while adding renewable generation and autonomous electric transport, it could build a much broader clean energy platform.

The key question is whether the automaker can turn its growing mix of electric vehicles, robotaxis, solar and batteries into a scalable system that cuts emissions while also creating durable growth.

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Microsoft and Aker Solutions Join Forces to Accelerate Carbon Removal Projects

Aker Solutions and Microsoft (MSFT) are joining forces to help move carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon dioxide removal (CDR) projects from early-stage concepts to construction and operations.

The companies signed an agreement at ONS 2026 in Stavanger, Norway, as the carbon management industry faces a familiar challenge: plenty of proposed projects, but not enough financing, firm buyers and execution-ready developments.

Aker Solutions Targets Faster, More Bankable CCS and CDR Projects

Under the agreement, Aker Solutions will work with project developers, industrial emitters, transport and storage companies, governments and other stakeholders. The goal is to improve project economics, reduce execution risks and make projects more attractive to investors.

The partnership also aims to help projects reach final investment decisions (FID) faster.

Microsoft brings digital technology, artificial intelligence (AI), data, carbon markets and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) expertise. Aker Solutions brings techno-economic advisory services and engineering, procurement and construction capabilities.

Together, the companies intend to create a more integrated path from feasibility studies to project delivery and operations.

Kjetel Digre, CEO at Aker Solutions, said,

“Many carbon capture and removal projects face similar challenges as they move from concept to reality. As the market matures, success will depend on strong collaboration across the value chain. Joining forces with Microsoft, we aim to help project developers navigate complexity, strengthen business cases, and support the next wave of CCS and CDR projects.” 

Microsoft’s Carbon Challenge Is Growing

The partnership comes as Microsoft faces a tougher emissions challenge from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence and cloud infrastructure.

  • Microsoft’s latest Environmental Sustainability Report shows that its total Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions rose 25% year over year in fiscal 2025.
  • The company reported about 20.3 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent in FY25, up from roughly 16.2 million tons in FY24.

The increase was primarily due to the expansion of its data center infrastructure and a change in its use of non-additional, unbundled renewable energy certificates.

Scope 3 emissions remain the largest part of Microsoft’s footprint. At the same time, Scope 2 emissions increased sharply as the company expanded its electricity demand. Scope 2 accounted for about 13% of total emissions in FY25, compared with nearly 2% in the previous year.

microsoft emissions
Source: Microsoft

Microsoft said it matched 100% of its annual global electricity consumption with renewable energy in FY25. However, the company is increasingly focused on adding new carbon-free electricity to grids rather than relying on unbundled certificates alone.

The rise in emissions makes carbon removal an increasingly important part of Microsoft’s strategy. It has committed to becoming carbon negative by 2030 and removing the equivalent of all its historical emissions by 2050. But the company has also stressed that removals cannot replace direct emissions reductions.

That puts pressure on Microsoft to expand both its clean-energy investments and its carbon removal portfolio.

Darryl Willis, corporate vice president, energy and resources at Microsoft, said:

“Microsoft supports collaborations that look holistically across the entire value chain, connecting physical infrastructure with trusted data, AI and digital MRV to help projects reduce risk, and move from ambition to execution. We are working with Aker Solutions to bring these complementary capabilities together and help accelerate credible CCS and carbon removal projects globally.”

Microsoft Has Become the Biggest CDR Buyer

Microsoft has played an outsized role in building the market for durable carbon removal.

CDR.fyi estimates that Microsoft had contracted 36.4 million tonnes of durable carbon removal by April 2026. That represented 78.5% of all disclosed durable CDR tonnes contracted at the time.

Frontier-linked buyers accounted for another 4%, while all other buyers represented 17.5%.

microsoft CDR

Its position is even more significant when looking at large-scale deals. CDR.fyi says Microsoft is the only buyer to have signed disclosed purchase agreements exceeding 1 million tonnes.

Its portfolio is also heavily concentrated in bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, or BECCS, which represented about 76% of its disclosed durable CDR volume as of April.

Microsoft continued buying carbon removal in 2026. In the first quarter, it signed a 1-million-tonne agreement that helped push total durable CDR contracting to 2.3 million tonnes, the largest first quarter on record. Microsoft accounted for about 43% of Q1 contracted volume.

The company has also expanded into other removal approaches. In January 2026, Microsoft signed a 12-year agreement to purchase 2.85 million soil carbon removal credits from Indigo Ag. The deal was described as the largest voluntary soil carbon transaction to date.

CDR Supply Still Faces a Financing Gap

The growing number of purchases does not mean enough carbon removal capacity is ready to meet future demand.

Carbon Direct’s 2026 State of the Voluntary Carbon Market report analyzed 288 million tonnes of credits and found that more than 80% of high-durability CDR supply planned for 2030 is at risk of not being realized without additional offtake commitments and financing.

The report also identified an estimated $18 billion financing gap across CDR pathways.

microsoft cdr
Source: Carbon Direct

That creates a major bottleneck for technologies such as direct air capture, BECCS and other forms of durable carbon removal. Developers need long-term buyers before they can secure financing, while buyers need confidence that projects will actually be built and deliver verified removals.

This is where the Microsoft-Aker Solutions agreement could become important.

From Carbon Credits to Bankable Projects

Aker Solutions will help developers improve project maturity and bankability before construction begins.

That could include assessing project economics, engineering requirements, infrastructure needs and execution risks. Microsoft can complement this work with digital tools, AI, data systems, carbon-market knowledge and MRV capabilities.

The companies will also work across the wider CCS and CDR value chain.

That matters because carbon management projects are not standalone facilities. A CCS project needs an emitter, capture technology, transportation infrastructure, a storage site and a system for measuring and verifying the captured CO2.

CDR projects face similar challenges. Developers need reliable technology, financing, monitoring systems, storage or durable carbon sinks, and buyers willing to sign long-term contracts.

Aker Solutions and Microsoft aim to connect these pieces earlier in the development process.

If projects move successfully through FID, the companies plan to provide integrated engineering and execution support through construction and into operations.

A Critical Test for the CDR Market

The partnership arrives at a turning point for carbon removal.

CDR demand is growing, but the market remains heavily concentrated among a small number of buyers. CDR.fyi found that buyers other than Microsoft and Frontier accounted for 90% of delivered and 94% of retired durable CDR tonnes, despite representing a much smaller share of contracted volume.

demand of CDR credits

That highlights the market’s central challenge: large future purchase agreements do not automatically translate into delivered removals. And for the wider industry, the partnership reflects a shift in focus from announcing carbon removal projects to making them financeable, buildable and operational.

The next phase of the CDR market will depend less on ambitious targets and more on whether developers can secure capital, buyers and infrastructure to deliver real, verified removals at scale.

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Nvidia Earns $96B in Q2 FY2027 as AI Demand Surges, But Emissions Keep Rising

Nvidia Earns $96B in Q2 FY2027 as AI Demand Surges, But Emissions Keep Rising

Nvidia’s latest results show that the artificial intelligence boom is still accelerating, with revenue more than doubling from a year earlier. But the company’s rapid growth also highlights a growing climate challenge: Nvidia’s Scope 3 emissions reached 10.7 million metric tons of CO2e in fiscal 2026, driven largely by its expanding supply chain.

Nvidia reported its second-quarter fiscal 2027 results on August 26, 2026, with revenue of $96.2 billion, up 106% year-on-year. Data Center revenue reached $89.0 billion, up 117%, as demand for AI computing continued to drive sales.

Jensen Huang, founder and CEO of Nvidia, remarked during the earnings call:

“AI has reached its inflection point. It’s doing useful work. Its tokens are productive and profitable. Now, compute is revenue. And demand is accelerating. This time last year, one lab alone was driving the buildout; today, we have a golden age of new AI labs and startups, multiple frontier labs scaling in parallel, a thriving open-model ecosystem and physical AI coming online — with strong momentum across the U.S. and around the world. The AI infrastructure buildout is at full steam. Vera Rubin, now in full production, was built to power exactly this moment.”

The results show the strength of Nvidia’s business. Yet, they also raise a bigger question for the clean energy market: can AI infrastructure grow this quickly while companies reduce the emissions tied to that growth?

Nvidia’s AI Engine Blasts Past $96 Billion

Nvidia’s Q2 revenue jumped to $96.221 billion, compared with $46.743 billion a year earlier. Net income rose 126% to $59.688 billion, while diluted earnings per share climbed 128% to $2.46.

The Data Center business remains the main growth engine. Revenue from the segment reached $89.0 billion, up 117% from a year earlier and 18% from the previous quarter. That means Data Center sales accounted for about 92% of Nvidia’s total quarterly revenue.

Nvidia data center revenue Q2 2027
Source: Nvidia

Nvidia also maintained a 75% gross margin in the quarter. The tech giant expects the momentum to continue. It forecasts $108 billion in revenue for the third quarter, plus or minus 2%. Nvidia does not include any Data Center computing revenue from China in that forecast.

The company also returned about $26 billion to shareholders through share buybacks and dividends during the quarter.

Nvidia financial results q2 2027
Source: Nvidia

The AI Boom Is Also an Energy Boom

Nvidia’s earnings matter to the carbon market because its chips sit at the center of the expanding AI infrastructure system. AI data centers need large amounts of electricity to run and cool servers. Nvidia’s own latest sustainability report acknowledges that AI demand will increase energy use and says energy is the foundation of the AI infrastructure stack.

The company is trying to address part of this problem through more efficient computing.

The chipmaker says its Vera Rubin NVL72 platform can deliver up to 10 times the energy efficiency of its previous Blackwell architecture. Its Vera CPU can also run up to 50% faster with twice the energy efficiency of traditional CPU infrastructure.

Nvidia also says its Groq 3 LPX combined with Vera Rubin NVL72 can deliver up to 35 times more inference performance per watt than the Blackwell GB200 NVL72 for trillion-parameter models.

These improvements matter because higher performance per watt can reduce the electricity needed for a given amount of computing. But efficiency gains do not automatically reduce total emissions if companies deploy far more AI computing.

Scope 3 Emissions Hit 10.7 Million Tons

This is where Nvidia’s latest sustainability data becomes important. Its FY2026 Sustainability Report shows Scope 3 emissions of 10,700,940 metric tons of CO2e, up from 6,912,577 tons in FY2025 and 3,638,432 tons in FY2024.

That means Scope 3 emissions increased about 55% in one year and almost threefold in two years. Scope 3 covers indirect emissions across a company’s value chain. For Nvidia, the largest source comes from purchased goods and services.

Category 1 emissions reached 9,301,735 metric tons of CO2e in FY2026. That represented about 87% of Nvidia’s reported Scope 3 emissions.

NVIDIA GHG emissions 2026

The increase reflects the scale of Nvidia’s hardware business and the emissions linked to manufacturing the components and systems needed for its products.

This is important because Nvidia operates mainly as a fabless semiconductor company. Much of the physical manufacturing takes place through suppliers rather than inside Nvidia-owned factories.

Direct Emissions Are Much Smaller

Nvidia’s direct operational emissions remain far below its Scope 3 footprint, as shown in the chart above.

In FY2026, the company reported 9,822 metric tons of Scope 1 emissions. Its market-based Scope 2 emissions were 568 tons. Together, Scope 1 and market-based Scope 2 emissions totaled 10,390 tons. Nvidia also reported 308,891 tons of location-based Scope 2 emissions.

The difference comes from the way the company accounts for purchased electricity. Nvidia says it matched 100% of its global electricity use with clean electricity in FY2026 through sources including on-site solar, long-term power purchase agreements, renewable electricity tariffs and energy attribute certificates.

That helped reduce its market-based Scope 2 figure. But it does not remove the much larger emissions connected to its supply chain. The data shows why Nvidia’s biggest climate challenge sits outside its own offices and facilities.

Nvidia Sets 2030 Climate Targets as Emissions Keep Climbing

The world’s most valuable company does have science-based emissions targets.

From a FY2023 base year, the company aims to cut absolute Scope 1 and Scope 2 market-based emissions by 50% by FY2030. It also aims to reduce Scope 3 emissions intensity from the use of sold GPU products by 75% per petaFLOP by FY2030. The Science Based Targets initiative has validated both targets.

The Scope 3 goal is an intensity target, not an absolute emissions target. This distinction matters.

Nvidia can reduce emissions per unit of computing performance while its total emissions continue to rise if it sells enough additional GPUs and systems. The FY2026 figures show why that issue is important.

Nvidia’s Scope 3 emissions rose from 6.91 million tons to 10.70 million tons in one year, even as the company continued to improve the efficiency of its products.

Nvidia GHG emissions 2026 by scope
Data source: Nvidia

Nvidia Pushes Clean Power and Grid Flexibility

Nvidia says it has matched 100% of its global electricity use with clean electricity for two consecutive years. However, its biggest emissions source remains its supply chain, so the company is using more supplier-specific data to better track Scope 3 emissions and identify areas for cuts.

Nvidia is collaborating with Emerald AI, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), and energy firms. They aim to create AI data centers that adjust power use according to grid conditions.

The company says this approach could help unlock up to 100 gigawatts of U.S. power capacity by using existing infrastructure more efficiently. Nvidia is also exploring onsite power generation and energy storage to help data centers connect faster and reduce grid pressure.

For the clean energy market, the strategy shows how AI companies are moving beyond clean electricity purchases toward more flexible power systems.

Nvidia (NVDA) Stock Jumps After Earnings, but Expectations Remain High

Nvidia stock initially dipped after its earnings release before jumping 4.2% in heavy after-hours trading, with more than 50 million shares changing hands, according to LSEG data. Investors responded to Nvidia’s stronger-than-expected results and its forecast for 70% revenue growth in fiscal 2028.

The company also expects $108 billion in third-quarter revenue, while Data Center revenue rose 117% to $89 billion in the latest quarter.

Nvidia NVDA stock

Despite the rebound, Nvidia stock remain up only more than 12% this year, compared with a more than 60% gain for the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index. Reuters noted that investor expectations have become so high that simply beating forecasts may no longer be enough to drive the stock higher.

AI’s Carbon Challenge Is Moving Upstream

Nvidia’s latest earnings make the AI boom look stronger than ever. But its latest sustainability report tells another part of the story.

The company is improving energy efficiency, matching its electricity use with clean power, and working on grid-friendly AI infrastructure. It also has science-based 2030 emissions targets. Still, the rapid rise in Scope 3 emissions shows the scale of the challenge.

Nvidia’s next sustainability test will not simply be whether each new GPU uses less energy. It will be whether the company can make its fast-growing AI supply chain cleaner as demand for computing continues to surge.

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Japan Advances Maritime CCS Hub to Ship 3.43M Tons of CO2 a Year

Japan Advances Maritime CCS Hub to Ship 3.43M Tons of CO2 a Year

Japan is moving ahead with plans for a major carbon capture and storage (CCS) hub at the Mizushima Industrial Complex in Okayama Prefecture. Six Japanese companies have signed a contract with the Japan Organization for Metals and Energy Security (JOGMEC) to design facilities that will capture, liquefy, temporarily store and ship carbon dioxide. The planned hub could ship about 3.43 million tonnes of liquefied CO2 a year.

The project is part of Japan’s wider push to build a commercial CCS industry by 2030. It also shows how Japan plans to use ships to connect industrial areas with underground CO2 storage sites.

Six Companies Team Up on a Mega CCS Hub

The project brings together Sumitomo Corporation, Asahi Kasei, ENEOS, JFE Steel, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical and Mitsubishi Chemical. They will design facilities for CO2 capture, liquefaction, temporary storage and shipping.

The project covers the Mizushima industrial area in Kurashiki City, a major industrial center in western Japan. The companies plan to share infrastructure across the industrial area instead of having each company build its own system.

That could help lower costs and make CCS more practical for several industrial facilities at once.

The planned hub would ship about 3.43 million tonnes of liquefied CO2 per year when shipping starts. The companies say this would be the largest planned CO2 shipping volume among Japanese CCS clusters currently under development.

Why Japan Is Putting CO2 on Ships

CCS involves more than capturing carbon.

Companies must move the captured CO2 to a site where they can store it underground. But many of Japan’s large industrial centers do not sit close to suitable storage sites. Ships can solve part of this problem.

Captured CO2 can be turned into a liquid, stored at a port, and loaded onto specialized ships. The ships can then move the CO2 to domestic or overseas storage sites.

JOGMEC selected nine advanced CCS projects in 2024. Together, they aim to store about 20 million tonnes of CO2 a year. Six of the nine projects use ships to transport liquefied CO2, while three use pipelines. This makes maritime transport a key part of Japan’s CCS strategy.

Japan Targets 6M to 12M Tons of CO2 Storage by 2030

Japan wants to start commercial CCS operations by 2030.

JOGMEC’s nine advanced projects support a government target of 6 million to 12 million tonnes of annual CO2 storage by 2030. The nine projects cover industries such as power generation, oil refining, steel, chemicals, cement and paper.

Japan also aims to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. It has set a 2030 target of cutting emissions by 46% from fiscal 2013 levels. McKinsey & Company shows below how the country could reach its climate goals. 

Japan carbon neutrality 2050 McKinsey
Source: McKinsey & Company

The Mizushima project could make a large contribution to the country’s CCS infrastructure if it reaches its planned shipping volume.

However, 3.43 million tonnes refers to CO2 shipped, not CO2 permanently stored. The climate benefit will depend on how much captured CO2 ultimately reaches approved storage sites and remains underground.

Shared Infrastructure Could Bring CCS Costs Down

Cost is one of the biggest challenges for maritime CCS. Ship-based systems require extra equipment to liquefy and temporarily store CO2 before shipping. JOGMEC says these steps can add costs compared with pipeline systems. Ship transport can also be more expensive.

Japan is therefore trying to build larger hubs.

In June 2026, JOGMEC selected six emitter clusters to study shared facilities for CO2 capture, liquefaction, temporary storage and shipping. The goal is to collect CO2 from several nearby facilities and share infrastructure.

JOGMEC six selected CCS hub clusters
Source: JOGMEC

Mizushima follows this same approach. A shared hub could spread the cost of expensive equipment across several companies. It could also make it easier to add new emitters later.

Mizushima Aims Hard-to-Cut Emissions

The Mizushima industrial area includes companies from sectors such as chemicals, steel and energy. These industries face a difficult emissions challenge. Some emissions come directly from industrial processes and cannot be eliminated simply by switching to renewable electricity.

CCS can provide another tool.

Companies can capture CO2 at industrial facilities, transport it and store it underground. This could help reduce emissions from operations that are difficult to fully electrify.

The six companies say the project will also support the green transformation of the Mizushima industrial complex. For Japan, that links CCS with both climate policy and industrial competitiveness.

Japan Is Building a Wider CCS Network

Mizushima is only one part of Japan’s developing CCS system. JOGMEC began supporting advanced CCS projects in 2023. The first seven projects aimed to store about 13 million tonnes of CO2 per year.

The agency later expanded the program to nine projects with a combined target of about 20 million tonnes a year. The projects cover several regions and industries.

Some plan to store CO2 in Japan. Others will ship captured CO2 to storage sites elsewhere in the Asia-Pacific region. Four of the nine 2024 projects target overseas storage.

This approach could eventually create a regional CO2 transport network linking Japan with storage resources in other countries.

Japan Has Already Tested CCS

Japan has experience with both carbon storage and CO2 transport. At the Tomakomai CCS demonstration project in Hokkaido, the country injected about 300,000 tonnes of CO2 underground between 2016 and 2019. The government continues to monitor the stored CO2.

Japan has also tested technologies for transporting liquefied CO2 by ship. These projects have helped the nation develop experience with the equipment and processes needed for a larger CCS industry. The government is now moving from demonstration projects toward commercial-scale systems.

Japan CCS hub carbon shipping

A New Legal Framework Supports CCS 

Japan also created a legal framework for the industry. In May 2024, the country’s parliament passed the Act on Carbon Dioxide Storage Business. The law created a licensing system for companies that want to operate CO2 storage businesses. That framework is important because CCS projects require large investments and long operating periods.

Companies need clear rules covering storage rights, monitoring, safety, and responsibility for stored CO2. Government support also remains important as companies develop the first commercial projects.

JOGMEC is supporting the full CCS chain, from capture and transport to underground storage.

CCS Must Move Beyond Capture

The Mizushima project still has several steps to complete. The current agreement covers design work, so the 3.43-million-tonne figure is a planned shipping volume rather than operating capacity. The companies still need to complete engineering work, develop the business model and make further investment decisions.

The storage side is also critical. Capturing millions of tonnes of CO2 has little climate value if companies cannot transport and permanently store the gas safely.

Japan’s long-term goal shows the scale of the challenge. JOGMEC estimates that Japan could need 120 million to 240 million tonnes of annual CO2 storage by 2050 to support its net-zero goal. That means Mizushima would be an important step, but only one part of a much larger system.

Mizushima Could Set the Course for Asian CCS

Japan’s planned 3.43-million-tonne annual CO2 shipping hub shows how quickly the country is trying to build a commercial CCS network. The project combines several large industrial companies, shared infrastructure and maritime CO2 transport. That model could help lower costs and connect industrial regions with storage sites that are far away.

The key test will be whether Japan can move from design to investment and then to reliable, large-scale CO2 storage. And if it succeeds, Mizushima could become an important model for hub-based maritime CCS in Japan and across Asia.

For now, the project is another sign that Japan sees carbon capture and storage as a major tool for cutting emissions from heavy industry while building a new carbon-management infrastructure.

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